{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:26:51Z","timestamp":1787776011803,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The choice of biopsy method is critical in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). This retrospective cohort study compared systematic biopsy (SB) or cognitive fusion-targeted biopsy combined with SB (CB) in detecting PCa and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Data from 2572 men who underwent either SB or CB in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (Shanghai, China) between January 2019 and December 2023 were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics, and detection rates were compared before and after PSM. Subgroup analyses based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores were performed. Primary and secondary outcomes were the detection rates of PCa and csPCa, respectively. Of 2572 men, 1778 were included in the PSM analysis. Before PSM, CB had higher detection rates for both PCa (62.9% vs 52.4%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.54,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and csPCa (54.9% vs 43.3%, OR: 1.60,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) compared to SB. After PSM, CB remained superior in detecting PCa (63.1% vs 47.9%, OR: 1.86,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and csPCa (55.0% vs 38.2%, OR: 1.98,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). In patients with PSA 4\u201312 ng ml\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    (&gt;4 ng ml\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    and \u226412 ng ml\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which is also applicable to the following text), CB detected more PCa (59.8% vs 40.7%, OR: 2.17,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and csPCa (48.1% vs 27.7%, OR: 2.42,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). CB also showed superior csPCa detection in those with PI-RADS 3 lesions (32.1% vs 18.0%, OR: 2.15,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.038). Overall, CB significantly improves PCa and csPCa detection, especially in patients with PSA 4\u201312 ng ml\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    or PI-RADS 3 lesions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T03:00:08Z","timestamp":1746414008000},"page":"488-494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A propensity score-matched analysis on biopsy methods: enhanced detection rates of prostate cancer with combined cognitive fusion-targeted biopsy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Bi-Ran","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operating Room, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Wen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Ning","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics2022:GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R2-20250716","first-page":"47","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality in China,","volume":"4","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Cent"},{"key":"R3-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.08.041","article-title":"Diagnostic pathway with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging versus standard pathway:results from a randomized prospective study in biopsy-naive patients with suspected prostate cancer","volume":"72","author":"Porpiglia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R4-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801993","article-title":"MRI-targeted or standard biopsy for prostate-cancer diagnosis","volume":"378","author":"Kasivisvanathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.05.024","article-title":"Prebiopsy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer diagnosis in biopsy-naive men with suspected prostate cancer based on elevated prostate-specific antigen values:results from a randomized prospective blinded controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Tonttila","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R6-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s44178-024-00111-x","article-title":"Holistic integrative medicine declaration","volume":"3","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Holist Integ Oncol"},{"key":"R7-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.03.027","article-title":"EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-Isup-SIOG guidelines on prostate cancer-2024 update. Part I:screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent","volume":"86","author":"Cornford","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R8-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.02.033","article-title":"Prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1:2019 update of prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2","volume":"76","author":"Turkbey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R9-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185120938363","article-title":"Is a sampling transition zone important to increase the detection of prostate cancer in systematic prostatic biopsies?","volume":"62","author":"Queiroz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"R10-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.08.004","article-title":"The 2019 International Society of Urological Pathology Consensus Conference on Prostate Cancer Grading","volume":"79","author":"van Leenders","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R11-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510290050036","article-title":"Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer","volume":"271","author":"Epstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R12-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.168687","article-title":"Prospective validation of %p2PSA and the prostate health index, in prostate cancer detection in initial prostate biopsies of Asian men, with total PSA 4-10 ng ml-1","volume":"19","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"R13-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3806","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00152","article-title":"Stockholm3 in a multiethnic cohort for prostate cancer detection (SEPTA):a prospective multicentered trial","volume":"42","author":"Vigneswaran","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R14-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62015-w","article-title":"Using clinical parameters to predict prostate cancer and reduce the unnecessary biopsy among patients with PSA in the gray zone","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R15-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910038","article-title":"MRI-targeted, systematic, and combined biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis","volume":"382","author":"Ahdoot","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R16-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110432","article-title":"MRI\/ultrasound fusion biopsy of the prostate compared to systematic prostate biopsy \u2013effectiveness and accuracy of a combined approach in daily clinical practice","volume":"154","author":"Dorfinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"R17-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21475","article-title":"Can the prostate risk calculator based on Western population be applied to Asian population?","volume":"72","author":"Yoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"R18-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2011.06.012","article-title":"Transition zone PSA density improves the prostate cancer detection rate both in PSA 4.0-10.0 and 10.1-20.0 ng\/ml in Chinese men","volume":"31","author":"Tang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"R19-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-020-00717-z","article-title":"Zonal adjusted PSA density improves prostate cancer detection rates compared with PSA in Taiwanese males with PSA <20 ng\/ml","volume":"20","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Urol"},{"key":"R20-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4010","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15184010","article-title":"Prostate cancer severity in relation to level of food processing","volume":"15","author":"Sciacca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R21-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2023.2279240","article-title":"Adherence to healthy or unhealthy pro-vegetarian plant-based diets have different impact on prostate cancer severity:preliminary findings","volume":"76","author":"Sciacca","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"R22-20250716","first-page":"353","article-title":"Adherence to the mediterranean diet and prostate cancer severity","volume":"16","author":"Sciacca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med J Nutrition Metab"},{"key":"R23-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-024-00872-6","article-title":"Refining clinically relevant cut-offs of prostate specific antigen density for risk stratification in patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions","volume":"28","author":"Mjaess","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"R24-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2018.03.004","article-title":"A 17-gene genomic prostate score assay provides independent information on adverse pathology in the setting of combined multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging fusion targeted and systematic prostate biopsy","volume":"200","author":"Salmasi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R25-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04620-0","article-title":"68Ga-PSMA PET\/CT better characterises localised prostate cancer after MRI and transperineal prostate biopsy:is 68Ga-PSMA PET\/CT guided biopsy the future?","volume":"47","author":"Donato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"R26-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2551","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002551","article-title":"Absence of bladder outlet obstruction is an independent risk factor for prostate cancer in men undergoing prostate biopsy","volume":"95","author":"Cormio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"R27-20250716","first-page":"2175","article-title":"Post-void residual urinary volume is an independent predictor of biopsy results in men at risk for prostate cancer","volume":"35","author":"Cormio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"R28-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32401-1","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of multi-parametric MRI and TRUS biopsy in prostate cancer (PROMIS):a paired validating confirmatory study","volume":"389","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R29-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29874","article-title":"Prostate cancer detection with magnetic resonance-ultrasound fusion biopsy:the role of systematic and targeted biopsies","volume":"122","author":"Filson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R30-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.07.098","article-title":"Comparative analysis of transperineal template saturation prostate biopsy versus magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy with magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion guidance","volume":"193","author":"Radtke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R31-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30569-2","article-title":"Use of prostate systematic and targeted biopsy on the basis of multiparametric MRI in biopsy-naive patients (MRI-FIRST):a prospective, multicentre, paired diagnostic study","volume":"20","author":"Rouviere","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R32-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202412","article-title":"Comparison of systematic and combined biopsy for the detection of prostate cancer","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aja202515","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:48:56Z","timestamp":1787773736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aja202515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aja202515","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-7262","1008-682X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-7262","type":"print"},{"value":"1008-682X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-25","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-27","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}