{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:16:41Z","timestamp":1788329801805,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>This prospective cohort study investigated the association between dyslipidemia and prostate volume progression in middle-aged Chinese men. A total of 5607 men aged &gt;40 years at The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (Changsha, China), between January 2020 and January 2023, who did not have baseline benign prostatic hyperplasia, were followed for three years. Participants were categorized by their baseline lipid status according to Chinese guidelines. Prostate volume was measured annually, using transrectal ultrasound, with enlargement defined as a volume of \u226531 ml. The results showed that 48.0% of men with dyslipidemia developed prostatic enlargement, compared to 36.5% with normal lipid levels. Elevated ratios of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly associated with an increased risk in a dose\u2013response manner. This association was independent of age, body mass index, and fasting glucose levels. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol demonstrated a protective effect. These findings suggest that dyslipidemia, particularly as reflected in specific lipid ratios, is an independent and modifiable risk factor for accelerated prostatic enlargement. This indicates that lipid assessment could be valuable for early risk stratification and prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:00:08Z","timestamp":1788328808000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dyslipidemia accelerates prostate volume enlargement in middle-aged Chinese men: a prospective cohort study focusing on lipid ratios"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China"},{"name":"Chengdu Wuhou District Medical Security Affairs Center, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chu-Qi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Health Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center, Shenzhen 518200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang-Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e754","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00213-6","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia in 204 countries and territories from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"3","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"R2-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16031","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.31","article-title":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"2","author":"Chughtai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"R3-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.123192","article-title":"Association between metabolic syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia: the underlying molecular connection","volume":"358","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R4-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.148081","article-title":"Association between benign prostatic hyperplasia, body mass index, and metabolic syndrome in Chinese men","volume":"17","author":"Yin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"R5-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32090477","article-title":"The role of insulin resistance in cancer","volume":"32","author":"Subedi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"R6-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/s41514-025-00250-z","article-title":"Immunometabolism and oxidative stress: roles and therapeutic strategies in cancer and aging","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Aging"},{"key":"R7-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2304274","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202304274","article-title":"YAP1 recognizes inflammatory and mechanical cues to exacerbate benign prostatic hyperplasia via promoting cell survival and fibrosis","volume":"11","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"R8-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70085","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.70085","article-title":"Targeting ROCK1\/YAP1 axis ameliorates inflammation-induced prostatic hyperplasia via stabilising SIRT1-dependent mitochondrial dynamics","volume":"59","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Prolif"},{"key":"R9-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07783-x","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 modulates cell proliferation via SOX4\/TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling in benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"R10-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"glad222","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glad222","article-title":"Aging-related mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with fibrosis in benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"79","author":"Adrian","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"R11-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55882-5","article-title":"Dietary fatty acid quality affects systemic parameters and promotes prostatitis and pre-neoplastic lesions","volume":"9","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R12-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-023-00671-y","article-title":"Roles of peripheral lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in the vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"18","author":"Poliakova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"R13-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.065904","article-title":"Serum lipids and lipoproteins in Chinese men and women","volume":"125","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R14-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1159\/000443003","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity among chinese adults: role of adiposity indicators and age","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"R15-20260902","first-page":"64","article-title":"Global burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infections, urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer from 1990 to 2021","volume":"11","author":"Zi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"R16-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.03.099","article-title":"An insidious risk factor for cardiovascular disease: benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"144","author":"Karatas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"R17-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14007","article-title":"Association between metabolic syndrome and intravesical prostatic protrusion in patients with benign prostatic enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms (MIPS Study)","volume":"121","author":"Russo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"R18-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20420188211066210","DOI":"10.1177\/20420188211066210","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome is associated with prostate enlargement: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression on patients with lower urinary tract symptom factors","volume":"12","author":"Omran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R19-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202249","article-title":"Comparison of the predictive value of anthropometric indicators for the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Southern China","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"R20-20260902","first-page":"139","article-title":"[Incidence of comorbid ED with LUTS and its risk factors in patients with BPH","volume":"30","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue"},{"key":"R21-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-014-0051-3","article-title":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a new metabolic disease?","volume":"37","author":"Vignozzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"R22-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21041","article-title":"Increased cell proliferation and contractility of prostate in insulin resistant rats: linking hyperinsulinemia with benign prostate hyperplasia","volume":"70","author":"Vikram","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"R23-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-023-10634-z","article-title":"Gut microbiota disorders in obesity-associated benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats","volume":"62","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"R24-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494476","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1494476","article-title":"Infiltrating lipid-rich macrophage subpopulations identified as a regulator of increasing prostate size in human benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"15","author":"Lanman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R25-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0314599","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0314599","article-title":"Lc-ms-based untargeted metabolomics reveals potential mechanisms of histologic chronic inflammation promoting prostate hyperplasia","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R26-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-022-00228-3","article-title":"Oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"75","author":"Domoslawska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ir Vet J"},{"key":"R27-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04432-9","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase 3 induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via AMPK\/ERK1\/2 pathway and resisted autophagy-related ferroptosis via AMPK\/mTOR pathway in hyperplastic prostate","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"R28-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615928","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.615928","article-title":"High-fat diet induced gut microbiota alterations associating with Ghrelin\/Jak2\/Stat3 up-regulation to promote benign prostatic hyperplasia development","volume":"9","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"R29-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/CU9.0000000000000173","article-title":"Clinical and prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings as predictors of general and clinically significant prostate cancer risk: a retrospective single-center study","volume":"17","author":"Massanova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Urol"},{"key":"R30-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1159\/000516681","article-title":"The comparison of imaging and clinical methods to estimate prostate volume: a single-centre retrospective study","volume":"105","author":"Massanova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"R31-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-015-1550-3","article-title":"The effects of statins on benign prostatic hyperplasia in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"R32-20260902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4911","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054911","article-title":"Simvastatin improves benign prostatic hyperplasia: role of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b3 and classic WNT\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aja202624","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:00:12Z","timestamp":1788328812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aja202624"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aja202624","relation":{},"ISSN":["1008-682X","1745-7262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1008-682X","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-7262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-18","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-11","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}