{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:00:57Z","timestamp":1790355657175,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Actin-like 9 (ACTL9) is a testis-specific actin-like protein located in the perinuclear theca of the sperm head and neck that plays a role in acrosome formation and sperm head shaping. Pathogenic mutations in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ACTL9<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been reported to be associated with male infertility and fertilization failure after conventional\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    fertilization (cIVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In this study, we identified a homozygous chromosomal microdeletion within the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ACTL9<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene in an infertile male characterized by polyspermy in cIVF and nearly total fertilization failure in ICSI. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that spermatozoa from the affected individual exhibited a ruffled acrosome, and the inner acrosomal membrane was detached from the nuclear envelope. Immunofluorescence staining revealed the absence of phospholipase C zeta 1 (PLCZ1) protein in mutant spermatozoa, which explains the characteristic multipronuclei observed in cIVF. ICSI and artificial oocyte activation treatment successfully rescued the cIVF polyspermic phenotype and resulted in a live birth. These findings expand the spectrum of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ACTL9<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations and could facilitate the diagnosis of sperm-borne polyspermy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:00:10Z","timestamp":1790352010000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel homozygous chromosomal deletion encompassing the ACTL9 gene is associated with cIVF polyspermy and male infertility"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Xin-Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"},{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430000, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, 43000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3643","article-title":"Restarting life: fertilization and the transition from meiosis to 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