{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T08:09:42Z","timestamp":1770883782299,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1138,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avicenna J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has been an endemic disease in Syria for decades. The first reports of CL from the Syrian city Aleppo date back to the 17th century. The recent crisis has further empowered the spread of this infection not only in Syria, but also in the neighboring countries. Here, we describe a case of a 67-year-old patient with a 6-month, nonhealing ulcerative lesion of the left auricle. It was initially diagnosed as either a squamous or a basal cell carcinoma. However, the biopsy revealed an unexpected finding of Leishmania amastigotes in the histiocytes. Consequently, CL of the auricle, chiclero's ulcer, was diagnosed. Polymerase chain reaction, in turn, revealed Leishmania tropica to be the causing factor; a rather rare one for chiclero's ulcer. The lesion completely resolved after a 3-week glucantime regimen, without any recurrence after an 8-month follow-up.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ajm.ajm_145_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,11]],"date-time":"2018-07-11T05:31:35Z","timestamp":1531287095000},"page":"117-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chiclero's ulcer: An unusual presentation of Leishmania tropica in Syria"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Alexey","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samar","family":"Yaseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rim","family":"Harfouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Al Andalus Private University, Tartous, Syria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Marouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Foz","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2010.140288","article-title":"Ongoing epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis among Syrian refugees, Lebanon","volume":"20","author":"M Saroufim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"153","article-title":"Current status of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Aleppo, Syrian Arab republic","volume":"75","author":"M Douba","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1147-0","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the central provinces of Hama and Idlib in Syria: Vector identification and parasite typing","volume":"8","author":"N Haddad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3208","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003208","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in the middle east: Incidence and epidemiology","volume":"8","author":"N Salam","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12383","article-title":"Dumbo' ear","volume":"39","author":"F Vaira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"331","article-title":"Identification of Leishmania tropica mexicana as the etiologic agent of chiclero's ulcer","volume":"135","author":"F Quijano-Pitman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gac Med Mex"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215112001120","article-title":"Auricular cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking neoplastic disease","volume":"126","author":"\u00d6 Tarkan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2008.06.005","article-title":"Leishmaniasis of the auricle mimicking carcinoma","volume":"30","author":"A Sabri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpedi.2013.04.018","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis complicated with pseudomonas perichondritis","volume":"80","author":"J Calzada-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2014","journal-title":"An Pediatr (Barc)"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2205.160042","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis and conflict in Syria","volume":"22","author":"W S Al-Salem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004438","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004438","article-title":"War and infectious diseases: Challenges of the Syrian civil war","volume":"10","author":"S L Sharara","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"}],"container-title":["Avicenna Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.4103\/ajm.AJM_145_17.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T22:58:29Z","timestamp":1628809109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.4103\/ajm.AJM_145_17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ajm.ajm_145_17","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0770","2249-4464"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-0770","type":"print"},{"value":"2249-4464","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}}}