{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:44:18Z","timestamp":1782956658051,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":null,"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tumours of the adrenal cortex are most commonly seen in adults but rare in children. The clinical manifestations depend on the age and sex of patients; about two-thirds of the cases virilisation is the predominant presentation, whereas many presents with both virilisation and cushingoid features. Diagnosis is confirmed by hormonal evaluation and radiological investigations. Surgical removal is the mainstay of treatment. Usually, there is a good prognosis in paediatric patients, whereas the high mortality rate reported in older literature may have been due to big tumour size, post-operative complications and inadequate steroid replacement. Here, we are presenting a series of three cases during childhood with virilising features due to adrenocortical tumours. All of them presented predominantly with features suggestive of virilisation. All patients underwent surgery and had a good outcome despite big tumour size in one of the patients. Histology revealed a benign lesion in the form of adrenal adenoma. Most virilisation and cushingoid features disappeared in the follow-up (median \u2013 1 year). Although these tumours are rare, a high index of suspicion should be kept in children with cushingoid features, virilisation or a combination of both of them. Even if the tumour size is big, adequate steroid replacement and supportive management postoperatively have led to good prognosis in our patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ajps.ajps_94_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T11:01:02Z","timestamp":1727175662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Virilising Adrenal Adenoma in Children"],"prefix":"10.67481","author":[{"given":"Anjali","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogender Singh","family":"Kadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Kajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Mokarram","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kusum","family":"Lata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surender","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":null,"published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.02.017","article-title":"Predictors of survival in pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma:A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program study","volume":"48","author":"McAteer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R2-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon1036w","article-title":"Rare presentation of adrenocortical carcinoma in a 4-month-old boy","volume":"8","author":"Malhotra","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Oncol"},{"key":"R3-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.197737","article-title":"Adrenocortical carcinoma in children and adults:Two decades experience in a single institution","volume":"53","author":"Sabaretnam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Cancer"},{"key":"R4-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.085","article-title":"Clinical and outcome characteristics of children with adrenocortical tumors:A report from the international pediatric adrenocortical tumor registry","volume":"22","author":"Michalkiewicz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R5-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2002.02668.x","article-title":"Functioning adrenocortical neoplasms in children","volume":"89","author":"Patil","year":"2002","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"R6-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-003-1230-y","article-title":"Virilizing adrenocortical tumours in children","volume":"162","author":"Bonfig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"R7-20240924","first-page":"32","article-title":"Adrenocortical tumors and hyperplasias in childhood \u2013Etiology, genetics, clinical presentation and therapy","volume":"4","author":"Sutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"R8-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(05)70089-6","article-title":"Adrenocortical carcinoma in children. Review and recent innovations","volume":"27","author":"Liou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"R9-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200307000-00001","article-title":"Adrenal cortical neoplasms in the pediatric population:A clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 83 patients","volume":"27","author":"Wieneke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R10-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.68851","article-title":"Virilizing adrenal carcinoma in a 3-year-old boy:A rarity","volume":"31","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"key":"R11-20240924","first-page":"277","article-title":"Adrenocortical neoplasms in young children:Age as a prognostic factor","volume":"39","author":"Ahmed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"R12-20240924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02728872","article-title":"Selective testosterone secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in an infant","volume":"68","author":"Bavdekar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["African Journal of Paediatric Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ajps.ajps_94_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:49:43Z","timestamp":1782953383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ajps.ajps_94_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"references-count":12,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ajps.ajps_94_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0189-6725","0974-5998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0189-6725","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-5998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-03","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}