{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:39:35Z","timestamp":1789609175264,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) is a well-described phenomenon causing immune hemolytic anemia, mostly in non-ABO identical transplantations. The syndrome occurs when donor lymphocytes produce antibodies against the recipient's red blood cells. Although the syndrome is usually self-limited, further management with blood transfusions, immunosuppression, or plasmapheresis might be needed. A 23-year-old female with AB\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      blood group underwent small intestine transplantation from a deceased donor with O\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      blood group. She received rituximab, thymoglobin, and methylprednisolone as immunosuppressive induction. In the 9\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      postoperation day, she developed hemolysis which was primarily managed with blood transfusions and finally ceased by plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin. Few cases of PLS have been previously described in intestinal transplantation recipients. Correct diagnosis and management prevents severe hemolysis outcomes. Previous cases have been successfully treated with a combination of immune suppression, plasma exchange, and transfusions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ajts.ajts_18_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:43:12Z","timestamp":1653964992000},"page":"135-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Passenger Lymphocyte Syndrome as a rare cause of hemolysis in a patient after small intestine transplantation, A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Edalat","family":"Zarei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Shafiekhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazanin","family":"Azadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Shamsaeefar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahbube","family":"Ahrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhassan","family":"Rabbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Nikoupour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2010.1.281","article-title":"Hematologic disorders after solid organ transplantation","volume":"2010","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"R2-23-20240830","first-page":"80","article-title":"Immune hemolytic anemia\u2013Selected topics","volume":"2009","author":"Hoffman","year":"2009","journal-title":"ASH Educ Program Book"},{"key":"R3-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e3282e9a576","article-title":"Immune hemolysis following ABO-mismatched stem cell or solid organ transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Yazer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol"},{"key":"R4-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1991.31191096190.x","article-title":"Red cell antibodies arising from solid organ transplants","volume":"31","author":"Ramsey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"R5-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01313-6","article-title":"Transfusion reactions: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"388","author":"Delaney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2020.06.004","article-title":"Passenger lymphocyte syndrome; a review of the diagnosis, treatment, and proposed detection protocol","volume":"34","author":"Moosavi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"key":"R7-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23218","article-title":"The direct antiglobulin test: A critical step in the evaluation of hemolysis","volume":"87","author":"Zantek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"R8-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715769","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/715769","article-title":"Passenger lymphocyte syndrome and liver transplantation","volume":"2008","author":"Audet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"R9-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-008-0113-y","article-title":"Hemolytic anemia after ABO nonidentical living donor kidney transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Bakr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"R10-23-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198612000-00008","article-title":"Small intestinal transplantation using cyclosporine. 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