{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:24:54Z","timestamp":1787757894391,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The need for an anti-human globulin (AHG) cross-match (XM) when the antibody screen (ABS) is negative is debatable and a matter of policy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>AIM:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      (1) To compare the outcomes of type and screen (T and S) method\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      the AHG-XM in terms of posttransfusion alloimmunization and hemolytic reactions. (2) Calculation of XM transfusion ratio in both groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 200 patients undergoing elective cardiovascular surgery. Group I patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 100) were issued packed red blood cell units after ABO and RhD typing, an ABS followed by an immediate spin XM (T and S protocol), while Group II (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 100) patients by an AHG-XM. In Group II patients, if incompatibility was found, then an ABS and identification were performed. A posttransfusion ABS and a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was done on the 4\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      day. The XM, ABS (3-cell panel) and DAT were done using the gel technique (Bio-Rad, Switzerland). Thus, the outcomes of T and S method\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      the AHG-XM in terms of posttransfusion alloimmunization and hemolytic reactions was measured. The XM transfusion ratio was also calculated in both groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In each of Groups I and II, 99 patients (99%) were transfused. There was no significant difference between the two groups based on previous transfusion (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.621) or combined history of transfusion and pregnancy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1). In Group I, all the patients were negative for ABS. In Group II, an AHG-XM was incompatible for 1 patient (1%) due to anti-c and anti-E alloantibodies and had a history of pregnancy as well as transfusion. In both the groups, none of the patients had any adverse transfusion reaction and the posttransfusion ABS and DAT were negative.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ABS is a better tool than AHG-XM in detecting alloantibodies in patients having the previous history of transfusion and\/or pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ajts.ajts_21_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T02:43:12Z","timestamp":1653964992000},"page":"1-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcome of type and screen versus crossmatch in cardiovascular surgery patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Anupa","family":"Pokhrel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelam","family":"Marwaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana Sandip","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R3-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V59.5.873.873","article-title":"Pre-transfusion tests and compatibility: Questions of safety and efficacy","volume":"59","author":"Masouredis","year":"1982","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R5-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1992.tb02995.x","article-title":"A prospective study to determine the safety of omitting the AHG cross-match from pre-transfusion testing","volume":"81","author":"Heddle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"R9-1-20240830","first-page":"969","article-title":"The 1987 comprehensive Blood Bank Survey of the College of American Pathologists","volume":"113","author":"Cooper","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"R10-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1977.17277151923.x","article-title":"The type and screen: A safe alternative and supplement in selected surgical procedures","volume":"17","author":"Boral","year":"1977","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"R11-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104105.x","article-title":"Pretransfusion blood group serology. 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A study at a multispecialty corporate hospital in India","volume":"5","author":"Pathak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J Transfus Sci"},{"key":"R16-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2014.01.003","article-title":"Type and screen policy: Is there any compromise on blood safety?","volume":"50","author":"Agrawal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfus Apher Sci"},{"key":"R17-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPX69VENSKOTYW","article-title":"Reducing blood utilization by implementation of a type-and-screen transfusion policy a single-institution experience","volume":"141","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R18-1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253215573327","article-title":"Tailoring the blood ordering process for cardiac surgical cases using an institution-specific version of the maximum surgical blood order schedule","volume":"20","author":"Ural","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R19-1-20240830","first-page":"521","article-title":"Prevalence of Rh, Duffy, Kell, Kidd & MNSs blood group antigens in the Indian blood donor population","volume":"137","author":"Makroo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Transfusion Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ajts.AJTS_21_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:57:35Z","timestamp":1787756255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ajts.AJTS_21_19"}},"subtitle":["A comparative study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ajts.ajts_21_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-6247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-6247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}