{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:34:12Z","timestamp":1787762052239,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary cleft rhinoplasty is a challenge due to the complex anatomy of the nose, with structural deformity and difficulty in surgical management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an anatomical-based approach on enhancing tip and alar symmetry in secondary unilateral cleft rhinoplasty using photogrammetric evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted on 57 adult patients seeking rhinoplasty after primary repair of congenital unilateral cleft lip deformity. All patients were operated upon using an external open rhinoplasty approach using an anatomical-based surgical technique. The cases were periodically followed up at three, six, 12 and 18 months for both aesthetic and functional outcomes with photogrammetric analysis of facial profile using the software Mirror Suite programme to compare before and after the surgical procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The photogrammetric analysis showed a significant improvement of facial angles (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05). The nasofrontal angle changed from a median of 146\u00b0 to 132.5\u00b0, nasolabial angle of 73\u00b0 to 95\u00b0, nasofacial angle of 21.5\u00b0 to 32\u00b0 and nasomental angle of 105\u00b0 to 130\u00b0. The rotation angle of the nasal tip showed a significant cephalic rotation with a mean increase of the tip elongation of 1.8 cm achieved per lateralised millimetre.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary rhinoplasty in unilateral cleft deformities needs accurate evaluation of the anatomical and pathological abnormalities. Open approach is preferred with using costal cartilage graft allowing adequate columellar lengthening, maxillary enhancement and alar repositioning which leads to optimise the definition, projection and cephalic rotation with better stabilisation and symmetry of the nasal tip.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_34_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T10:02:03Z","timestamp":1687168923000},"page":"3-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcomes of Open Rhinoplasty for Unilateral Cleft Patients using Photogrammetric Analysis - An Evaluative Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sherif Mohamed","family":"Elkashty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Abdelaziz","family":"Taalab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Saad","family":"AboShaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.08.002","article-title":"Cleft rhinoplasty","volume":"49","author":"Olds","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Plast 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