{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:57:42Z","timestamp":1787169462669,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgeons should be aware of the risk of vision loss associated with blepharoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient Concerns:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients complained of decreased vision, redness and\/or pain after blepharoplasty using only local anaesthesia containing epinephrine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Diagnosis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnosis of angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) was made clinically (decreased visual acuity (VA), increased intraocular pressure and a mid-dilated pupil) and through examination (slit lamp examination and dynamic gonioscopy revealed corneal oedema and a shallow anterior chamber respectively). Perioperative posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (PION) was a diagnosis of exclusion based on the relative afferent pupil defect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Treatment:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACG was treated medically (intravenous [IV] mannitol and topic antiglaucoma medication or oral acetazolamide) and surgically (YAG iridotomy and an additional cataract extraction with trabeculectomy in one patient). PION was treated with IV methylprednisolone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ACG fully recovered. Patients with PION improved clinically, but presented with a pale optic disc and an optic nerve-related visual field defect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Take-Away Lesson:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgeons should intervene quickly to minimize the chance of permanent vision loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_36_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T08:34:28Z","timestamp":1643704468000},"page":"340-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Visual Loss after Cosmetic Blepharoplasty Using Local Anaesthesia Containing Epinephrine - A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Louise Van","family":"Der 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