{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:24:58Z","timestamp":1787775898080,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Platysma myocutaneous flap used for intraoral reconstruction is an axial-pattern flap based on the submental branch of the facial artery; however, its vascular anatomy is complex in nature. Its efficacy in the reconstruction of oral defects following oral cancer resection is well established, even after facial artery ligation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of platysma myocutaneous flap in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 85 OSMF patients (Grades III and IV). Platysma myocutaneous flap was used for the reconstruction of fibrotomy defects in all patients. All patients were followed up for a period of up to one year. Mouth opening was the chief parameter evaluated intraoperatively and postoperatively. The complications such as flap dehiscence, partial skin loss, tip necrosis, haematoma and paraesthesia at the donor site were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean mouth opening value (in mm) increased from 13.00 \u00b1 1.93 and 6.50 \u00b1 2.35 to 32.72 \u00b1 5.19 and 31.20 \u00b1 4.77 at the end of one year in Grade III and IV groups, respectively. A gradual improvement in pain score was noted. Only minor complications occurred in 8.2% patients. Major flap loss was not seen in our series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proper dissection plane, avoiding muscle tearing during flap elevation, maintaining adequate pedicle, creating a tunnel of sufficient width and proper intraoral flap orientation are the major factors affecting flap success rates. Our study demonstrated that the platysma myocutaneous flap is a promising and effective option for reconstructing buccal mucosa defects in OSMF patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_88_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T10:01:58Z","timestamp":1727344918000},"page":"160-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Platysma Myocutaneous Flap in Advanced Oral Submucous Fibrosis \u2013 A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Aastha","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Science, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uma Shankar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Science, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezhilarasi","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Science, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N0538","article-title":"Platysma myocutaneous flap revised in the free flaps era: Clinical experience in 61 patients","volume":"40","author":"Calabrese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"R2-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80473-4","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: A new concept in surgical management. Report of 100 cases","volume":"24","author":"Khanna","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R3-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-020-0399-7","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: A contemporary narrative review with a proposed inter-professional approach for an early diagnosis and clinical management","volume":"49","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"R4-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-014-0639-3","article-title":"Surgical interventions in oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic analysis of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Kamath","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"R5-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-023-01157-3","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of nasolabial flap and buccal fat pad flap in the surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Al-Madhoon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R6-20250109","first-page":"274","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of buccal fat pad and nasolabial flap for the surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"6","author":"Basu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J Dent Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/1943387520962264","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of buccal fat pad and nasolabial flap for oral submucous fibrosis intraoral defects","volume":"14","author":"Anehosur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"key":"R8-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1159\/000494027","article-title":"Buccal fat pad: Report of 24 cases and literature review of 1,635 cases of oral defect 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reconstruction of intraoral surgical defects: Our experience","volume":"22","author":"Bande","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R12-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-020-01493-x","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of reconstructive methods in oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Sikkerimath","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"R13-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.02.015","article-title":"Extended nasolabial flap compared with the platysma myocutaneous muscle flap for reconstruction of intraoral defects after release of oral submucous fibrosis: A comparative study","volume":"51","author":"Bande","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R14-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S708","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.163485","article-title":"Platysma myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of intraoral defects following excision of oral sub mucous fibrosis: A report of 10 cases","volume":"7","author":"Ramanujam","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"R15-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0347(199810)20:7<623::AID-HED8>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Complications of the myocutaneous platysma flap in intraoral reconstruction","volume":"20","author":"Verschuur","year":"1998","journal-title":"Head Neck"}],"container-title":["Annals of Maxillofacial 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