{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:39:23Z","timestamp":1790959163724,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n Cachexia has been associated with chronic lung disease (pulmonary cachexia syndrome), which is associated with increased mortality. However, studies that looked into this association was relatively small, and national level data are lacking. Herein, we aim to study the association between chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and cachexia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESEARCH QUESTION:<\/jats:title>\n Do patients with COPD and cachexia has worse inpatient outcomes in comparison to those with no cachexia?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2019, extracting adult patients with a primary diagnosis of COPD who were admitted between January and November of each year studied. We excluded patients with missing data on event time or length of stay. Furthermore, we excluded all cases with cormobidities associated with cachexia. We used SAS 9.4 for data exploration and analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n We included 1,446,431 COPD-related weighted hospitalizations for which 115,276 cases (7.9%) had a concurrent diagnosis of cachexia (or cachexia-related diagnoses). Overall, patients with cachexia (COPD-C), compared to patients with COPD and no cachexia (COPD-NC), were older (mean age 69 vs. 66 years, respectively,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) with similar gender distribution (58%). COPD-C patients had more inpatient complications including cardiac arrest, and use of mechanical ventilation (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Furthermore, they had longer mean lengths of stay (5.2 days vs. 3.8 days,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). In-hospital mortality during index, admission was significantly higher in these patients at 2.2% compared to 0.5% for COPD-NC (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n COPD-related cachexia is associated with increased inpatient mortality, resource utilization, and prolonged hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.atm_31_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T05:03:42Z","timestamp":1690952622000},"page":"156-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The impact of pulmonary cachexia on inpatient outcomes"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mohamad Alhoda Mohamad","family":"Alahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl A.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013","article-title":"Cachexia: A new definition","volume":"27","author":"Evans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R2-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.5.1460","article-title":"Prognostic value of nutritional depletion in patients with COPD treated by long-term oxygen therapy: Data from the ANTADIR observatory","volume":"123","author":"Chailleux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R3-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.1.53","article-title":"Body composition and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"82","author":"Schols","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R4-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(02)00238-3","article-title":"Pulmonary cachexia","volume":"85","author":"Schols","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"R5-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00015","article-title":"Cachexia","volume":"133","author":"Kotler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R6-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.5.7952575","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and weight loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"150","author":"Di Francia","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R7-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.6.1435","article-title":"Body weight in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The national institutes of health intermittent positive-pressure breathing trial","volume":"139","author":"Wilson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"R8-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.3.8630580","article-title":"Nutritional status and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"153","author":"Gray-Donald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R9-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.6.9902115","article-title":"Prognostic value of nutritional status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"160","author":"Landbo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R10-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.6.9705017","article-title":"Weight loss is a reversible factor in the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"157","author":"Schols","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R14-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000735","article-title":"Identifying increased risk of readmission and in-hospital mortality using hospital administrative data: The AHRQ Elixhauser comorbidity index","volume":"55","author":"Moore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"R15-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7","article-title":"Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: An international consensus","volume":"12","author":"Fearon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R16-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199007263230405","article-title":"Elevated circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor in severe chronic heart failure","volume":"323","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R17-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.3.836","article-title":"Cardiac cachexia: A syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation","volume":"115","author":"Anker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Annals of Thoracic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/atm.atm_31_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:15:31Z","timestamp":1787760931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/atm.atm_31_23"}},"subtitle":["A national study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/atm.atm_31_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["1817-1737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1817-1737","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}}}