{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:32:09Z","timestamp":1787167929147,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Circ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_12_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T06:42:20Z","timestamp":1641451340000},"page":"66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The cerebral circulation and cerebrovascular disease III: Stroke"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Xiaokun","family":"Geng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankush","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ChristopherR","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangnan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WilliamA","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), Fact Sheet; 2016. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs317\/en\/. [Last cited on 2017 May 24]."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Stroke Fact Sheet; 2016. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dhdsp\/data_statistics\/fact_sheets\/fs_stroke.htm. [Last cited on 2017 Jun 01]."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-3","unstructured":"Krishnamohan P. Stroke, acute ischemic. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017. p. 1209-12."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-4","unstructured":"Crocco TJ, Goldstein JN. Stroke. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine. Philadelphia: Elsevier: 2014. p. 1363-74."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-5","unstructured":"National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Post-Stroke Rehabilitation; 2016. Available from: https:\/\/stroke.nih.gov\/materials\/rehabilitation.htm. [Last cited on 2017 Jun 01]."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000141977.18520.3b","article-title":"Quality of life after stroke: The North East Melbourne Stroke Incidence Study (NEMESIS)","author":"Sturm","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2513","article-title":", Whisnant JP, Sicks JD, O'Fallon WM, Wiebers DO.Ischemic stroke subtypes: A population-based study of incidence and risk factors","author":"Petty","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sacco RL, Benjamin EJ, Broderick JP, Dyken M, Easton JD, Feinberg WM, et al. American Heart Association Prevention Conference. IV. Prevention and Rehabilitation of Stroke. Risk factors. Stroke 1997;28:1507-17.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.7.1507"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ledyard H. Transient ischemic attack and acute ischemic stroke. In: Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials. Philadelphia; Elsevier: 2013. p. 870-80.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-3548-2.00100-2"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-10","unstructured":"Rockman CB, Maldonado TS. Genetics of stroke. In: Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2013. p. 1-20."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-11","unstructured":"Rockman CB, Maldonado TS. Cerebrovascular disease: General considerations. In: Rutherford's Vascular Surgery. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2014. p. 1456-72."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-12","first-page":"57","article-title":"The cerebral circulation and cerebrovascular disease II: Pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease","author":"Chandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis R, Caplan MD. Basic pathology, anatomy, and pathophysiology of stroke. In: Caplan's Stroke. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009. p. 22-63.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-4721-6.50004-3"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1311376","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke","author":"Gladstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-15","first-page":"45","article-title":"The cerebral circulation and cerebrovascular disease I: Anatomy","author":"Chandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.4065\/79.8.1071","article-title":", Petty GW, Huston J rd, Kallmes DF, Piepgras DG.Evaluation and management of transient ischemic attack and minor cerebral infarction","author":"Flemming","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-14-S1-S11","article-title":"A 3D numerical study of the collateral capacity of the circle of willis with anatomical variation in the posterior circulation","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-18","first-page":"54","article-title":"Effects of erythropoietin combined with tissue plasminogen activator on the rats following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-19","first-page":"654","article-title":"Prioritizing interventions to improve rates of thrombolysis for ischemic stroke","author":"California","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1415061","article-title":"Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs.t-PA alone in stroke","author":"Saver","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503780","article-title":"Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke","author":"Jovin","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-22","first-page":"E2","article-title":"Experimental neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: A concise review","author":"Rajah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-23","first-page":"9","article-title":"A review of current clinical studies leading to improved outcomes in patients treated with newer-generation thrombectomy devices","author":"Carcora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-24","first-page":"178","article-title":"Endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke: The standard of care","author":"Jadhav","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-25","unstructured":"Bope ET, Kellerman RD. The nervous system. In: Conn's Current Therapy. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2017. p. 637-714."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-26","first-page":"140","article-title":"The use of barbiturate-induced coma during cerebrovascular neurosurgery procedures: A review of the literature","author":"Figueroa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/2394-8108.166347","article-title":"Forward thinking in stroke treatment: Advances in cerebrovascular reperfusion and neurorehabilitation","author":"Ji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60834-3","article-title":"Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): A case-control study","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(00)00419-X","article-title":"The left atrial appendage: Our most lethal human attachment! Surgical implications","author":"Johnson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.192218","article-title":"Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: A scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease.The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists","author":"Easton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.05.041","article-title":"Novel stroke therapeutics: Unraveling stroke pathophysiology and its impact on clinical treatments","author":"George","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-32","first-page":"118","article-title":"Reducing excitoxicity with glutamate transporter-1 to treat stroke","author":"Harvey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4103\/2394-8108.195279","article-title":"Targeting oxidative stress for the treatment of ischemic stroke: Upstream and downstream therapeutic strategies","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-34","first-page":"125","article-title":"Regenerative medicine for central nervous system disorders: Role of therapeutic molecules in stem cell therapy","author":"Su\u00e1rez-Meade","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.12.2.159","article-title":"Tissue-type plasminogen activator as a therapeutic target in stroke","author":"Gravanis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052723","article-title":"The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation","author":"Charo","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-37","first-page":"549","article-title":"Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest","author":"Hypothermia","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003289","article-title":"Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia","author":"Bernard","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2001.94.1.0090","article-title":"Delayed induction and long-term effects of mild hypothermia in a focal model of transient cerebral ischemia: Neurological outcome and infarct size","author":"Maier","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.0091","article-title":"Comparative neuroprotective efficacy of prolonged moderate intraischemic and postischemic hypothermia in focal cerebral ischemia","author":"Huh","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S381","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.183492","article-title":"Therapeutic hypothermia and ischemic stroke: A literature review","author":"Tahir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2152-7806","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.01.001","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of therapeutic hypothermia on neurological function in a swine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001088","article-title":"Transarterial regional brain hypothermia inhibits acute aquaporin-4 surge and sequential microvascular events in ischemia\/reperfusion injury","author":"Kurisu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.12.012","article-title":"Acute ethanol treatment reduces blood-brain barrier dysfunction following ischemia\/reperfusion injury","author":"Zeng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.8.JNS12736","article-title":"Reduction of brain edema and expression of aquaporins with acute ethanol treatment after traumatic brain injury","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132813Y.0000000198","article-title":"At low doses ethanol maintains blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity after hypoxia and reoxygenation: A brain slice study","author":"Peng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12169","article-title":"Neuroprotection conferred by post-ischemia ethanol therapy in experimental stroke: An inhibitory effect on hyperglycolysis and NADPH oxidase activation","author":"Kochanski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-48","first-page":"29","article-title":"Mortality in ischemic stroke score: A predictive score of mortality for acute ischemic stroke","author":"Goel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Circ","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/2394-8108","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.03.007","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning induces tolerance against brain ischemia-reperfusion injury by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes in rats","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-007-9428-4","article-title":"Exposure time related oxidative action of hyperbaric oxygen in rat brain","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2014.03.012","article-title":"Repetitive hyperbaric oxygen therapy provides better effects on brain inflammation and oxidative damage in rats with focal cerebral ischemia","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis R, Caplan MD. Intracerebral hemorrhage. In: Caplan's Stroke. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009. p. 487-522.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-4721-6.50015-8"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kase CS, Shoamanesh A, Greenberg SM, Caplan LR. Intracerebral hemorrhage. In: Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2016. p. 466-515.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-29544-4.00028-1"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.644716","article-title":"Intracerebral hemorrhage in the very old: Future demographic trends of an aging population","author":"Stein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.000529","article-title":"Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage: The REasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study","author":"Howard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0151743","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151743","article-title":"Comparing risk factor profiles between intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke in Chinese and white populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Tsai","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200101000-00030","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of injured, necrotic, and apoptotic cells in a new experimental model of intracerebral hemorrhage","author":"Qureshi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jos\u00e9 I. Suarez, Bershad EM. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. In: Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier; 2016. p. 516-36.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-29544-4.00029-3"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-59","unstructured":"Krishnamohan P. Stroke, hemorrhagic. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017. p. 1213-4."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.11.048","article-title":"Iron \u2013 Potential therapeutic target in hemorrhagic stroke","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis R, Caplan MD. Introduction and perspetive. In: Caplan's Stroke: A Clinical Approach. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009. p. 3-21.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-4721-6.50003-1"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2010.08.001","article-title":"Preclinical and clinical research on inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596718","article-title":"Molecular pathophysiology of cerebral hemorrhage: Secondary brain injury","author":"Aronowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaillard A, Cornu C, Durieux A, Moulin T, Boutitie F, Lees KR, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke. The MAST-E study. MAST-E Group. Stroke 1999;30:1326-32.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1326"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-012-0185-6","article-title":"Mixed cerebrovascular disease and the future of stroke prevention","author":"Fisher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000196942.84707.71","article-title":"Classification and pathogenesis of cerebral hemorrhages after thrombolysis in ischemic stroke","author":"Trouillas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-67","first-page":"2109","article-title":"The NINDS t-PA Stroke Study Group","author":"Intracerebral","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.604652","article-title":"Increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke occurring during warfarin anticoagulation: An experimental study in mice","author":"Pfeilschifter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03851.x","article-title":"Lower coated-platelet levels are associated with early hemorrhagic transformation in patients with non-lacunar brain infarction","author":"Prodan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.510321","article-title":"Early hemorrhagic transformation of brain infarction: Rate, predictive factors, and influence on clinical outcome: Results of a prospective multicenter study","author":"Paciaroni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.603142","article-title":"Isoflurane enhanced hemorrhagic transformation by impairing antioxidant enzymes in hyperglycemic rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000335014","article-title":"Influence of lipid profiles on the risk of hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke: Systematic review","author":"Nardi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-73","first-page":"68","article-title":"High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack: The Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Investigators","author":"Stroke","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cardiometab Syndr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-74","first-page":"81","article-title":"Hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction: Current concepts and challenges","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huber M, Duan H, Chandra A, Li F, Wu L, Geng X, et al. Hypothermia in stroke therapy: Systemic versus local application. In: Zheng J, Zhou C, editors. Hypoxia and Human Disease. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech; 2017.","DOI":"10.5772\/65899"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, Gent M, Rowley H, Kase C, et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: A randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA 1999;282:2003-11.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.21.2003"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-77","first-page":"145","article-title":"Thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase in acute ischemic stroke","author":"Multicenter","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.02.062","article-title":"Post-ischemic hypothermia attenuates loss of the vascular basement membrane proteins, agrin and SPARC, and the blood-brain barrier disruption after global cerebral ischemia","author":"Baumann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.06.015","article-title":"Protection of cerebral microvasculature after moderate hypothermia following experimental focal cerebral ischemia in mice","author":"Burk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.03.036","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-2 or -9 deletions protect against hemorrhagic transformation during early stage of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion?","author":"Suofu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.07.032","article-title":"Effects of deferoxamine on brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats with hyperglycemia","author":"Xing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.07.004","article-title":"17\u00df-estradiol attenuates breakdown of blood-brain barrier and hemorrhagic transformation induced by tissue plasminogen activator in cerebral ischemia","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15178","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015178","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase-III inhibitor prevents hemorrhagic transformation induced by focal cerebral ischemia in mice treated with tPA","author":"Ishiguro","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.10.026","article-title":"Obesity and severe obesity forecasts through 2030","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.002","article-title":"Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035","author":"Guariguata","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17741-1","article-title":"Global burden of hypertension: Analysis of worldwide data","author":"Kearney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06665.x","article-title":"Population shifts and the future of stroke: Forecasts of the future burden of stroke","author":"Howard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e31829734f2","article-title":"Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States: A policy statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association","author":"Ovbiagele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-013-0007-6","article-title":"Drug treatment of acute ischemic stroke","author":"Bansal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.22.1930","article-title":"Aspirin and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","author":"He","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.suppl_2.S58","article-title":"Intra-arterial thrombolysis","author":"Saver","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0116120","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116120","article-title":"Intravenous versus intra-arterial thrombolysis in ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-93","unstructured":"Patel RA, McMullen PW. Neuroprotection in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2017. pii: S0033-062030057-9."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-94","first-page":"1999","article-title":"The clinical study on the treatment for acute cerebral infarction by intra-arterial thrombolysis combined with mild hypothermia","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1179\/016164106X98053","article-title":"Exercise pre-conditioning strengthens brain microvascular integrity in a rat stroke model","author":"Ding","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2013.12.007","article-title":"Non-pharmaceutical therapies for stroke: Mechanisms and clinical implications","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-97","unstructured":"Caplan LR. Clinical key flex. Caplan's Stroke a Clinical Approach. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Saunders; 2009. p. ix, 656."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2394-8108.210957-98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.0000437068.30550.cf","article-title":"Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality: A statement from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","author":"Lackland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Brain Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:29:48Z","timestamp":1787164188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/bc.bc_12_17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"alternative-id":["210957"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/bc.bc_12_17","relation":{},"ISSN":["2394-8108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2394-8108","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}