{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:17:32Z","timestamp":1787840252912,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital vascular malformations accounting only 1.5% of all vascular anomalies with 50% occurrence in the oral and maxillofacial region. It usually results from birth defects of the vasculature. A literature search revealed only few case reports of AVMs in the facial region. Lack of meticulous diagnosis, scarcity of knowledge, and paucity of literature can result in their exsanguinations leading to fatal hemorrhagic incidents after various dental procedures such as tooth extraction, surgical intervention, puncture wound, or blunt injury in involved area. The present case describes the accidental diagnosis of asymptomatic high-flow AVMs in the facial region of pediatric patient reported primarily for the treatment of periapical abscess. This case report is unique because although there was no history of bleeding episodes, thorough examination and investigations diagnosed it as high-flow vascular malformation. It is important for the dental practitioner to be aware of AVM which may be present in the head and neck region that can produce fatal bleeding episodes during various dental procedures. Proper diagnosis of AVMs through complete history, precise clinical examination, and advanced imaging modalities can help in preventing serious life-threatening complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_100_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,18]],"date-time":"2017-09-18T23:22:34Z","timestamp":1505776954000},"page":"482-484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Arteriovenous Malformation of Face"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ashok","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenu","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhirendra","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vipul","family":"Jaetli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198203000-00002","article-title":"Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: A classification based on endothelial characteristics","volume":"69","author":"Mulliken","year":"1982","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R2-20250603","first-page":"23","article-title":"Traumatic arteriovenous malformation of cheek: A case report and review of literature","volume":"1","author":"Bhat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otorhinolaryngol Clin Int J"},{"key":"R3-20250603","first-page":"451","article-title":"High flow arteriovenous malformations of the mandible and maxilla: Report of two cases","volume":"32","author":"Oueis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R4-20250603","first-page":"646","article-title":"Arteriovenous malformation of the mandible: Review of literature and case history","volume":"67","author":"Noreau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R5-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2001.111305","article-title":"Vascular malformations in a 3(1\/2)-year-old child","volume":"91","author":"Zachariades","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R6-20250603","first-page":"85","article-title":"A practical guide for diagnosis and treatment of arteriovenous malformations in the oral and maxillofacial region","volume":"17","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Dent Res"},{"key":"R7-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2004.10.001","article-title":"Current management of hemangiomas and vascular malformations","volume":"32","author":"Marler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"R8-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809010-00006","article-title":"Arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck: Natural history and management","volume":"102","author":"Kohout","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R9-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645678","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/645678","article-title":"Hemangiomas and vascular malformations: Current theory and management","volume":"2012","author":"Richter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"key":"R10-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198012000-00012","article-title":"Traumatic facial arteriovenous malformations","volume":"90","author":"Holt","year":"1980","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"R11-20250603","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.44943","article-title":"Management strategy for facial arteriovenous malformations","volume":"41","author":"Bhandari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"R12-20250603","first-page":"9","article-title":"Consensus Document of the International Union of Angiology (IUA)-2013. 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