{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:55:00Z","timestamp":1790618100483,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It has been speculated that a change in cervical spine posture occurs due to forward repositioning of the mandible. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the cervical spine posture in Class II division one patient treated with three different treatment modalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retrospective cohort study was conducted using pre and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of Class II Division one patients who have undergone orthodontic therapy using twin block appliance, Forsus, and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). This study included a total of 57 subjects comprising 19 subjects in each group. Seven cervical, three sagittal, and one vertical parameters were compared within and between each group. The data were tested using the Dependent\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test, One-way analysis of variance, and Tukey\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                      test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant difference existed between the pre- and post-treatment angular measurements within the three groups showing a change in the cervical spine posture with forward positioning of the mandible. A comparison of mean changes in angular measurements between the three groups showed a significant difference in SNA, SNB, ANB, and odontoid process tangent-cervical vertebral tangent (OPT-CVT), indicating a change in the cervical posture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OPT-CVT angle predicts a change in cervical spine posture after treatment with a significant difference in the Twin Block group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029) compared to Forsus and BSSO groups. Thus, the twin block group results in a more upright craniocervical posture than the other two treatment groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_459_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T02:44:21Z","timestamp":1688006661000},"page":"157-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation and Comparison of Cervical Spine Posture in Class II Division I Patients Treated with Twin Block Appliances, Forsus Appliances, and Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy: A Cephalometric Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"S. S. Suji","family":"Krishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Shashikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roopak D.","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2005.031","article-title":"Evaluation of cervical posture of children in skeletal class I, II, and III","volume":"23","author":"D'Attilio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"R2-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-160X-10-7","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of functional orthodontic appliances on cervical spine posture: A retrospective cephalometric study","volume":"10","author":"Ohnmei\u00df","year":"2014","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"key":"R3-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjl061","article-title":"Cervical spine curvature and craniofacial morphology in an adult Caucasian group: A multiple regression analysis","volume":"29","author":"Tecco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R4-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3126\/jcmsn.v15i1.20509","article-title":"Cervical posture and skeletal malocclusions \u2013 Is there a link?","volume":"15","author":"Tauheed","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Coll Med Sci Nepal"},{"key":"R6-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.06.012","article-title":"Evaluation of cervical spine posture after functional therapy with twin-block appliances: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"155","author":"Kamal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R7-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90055-3","article-title":"Functional appliances: A review","volume":"95","author":"Bishara","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R8-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.12968\/denu.2005.32.3.158","article-title":"The twin block appliance for the correction of Class II malocclusion","volume":"32","author":"Gill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dent Update"},{"key":"R9-20240901","first-page":"368","article-title":"The Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device","volume":"40","author":"Vogt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"R10-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2019.1603795","article-title":"Relationship between craniocervical posture and skeletal class: A statistical multivariate approach for studying class II and class III malocclusions","volume":"39","author":"Sandoval","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"R11-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/2321-3825.179739","article-title":"Evaluation of cervical spine posture after functional therapy with twin-block appliances","volume":"4","author":"Aglarci","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthod Res"},{"key":"R12-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5812\/kmp.iranjradiol.17351065.3379","article-title":"The relationship between cervical column curvature and sagittal position of the jaws: Using a new method for evaluating curvature","volume":"8","author":"Hosseinzadeh Nik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran J Radiol"},{"key":"R13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.899088","article-title":"Effect of treatment with twin-block appliances on body posture in class II malocclusion subjects: A prospective clinical study","volume":"23","author":"Smailien\u0117","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"R14-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2005.009","article-title":"Evaluation of cervical spine posture after functional therapy with FR-2: A longitudinal study","volume":"23","author":"Tecco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cranio"}],"container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_459_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:10:06Z","timestamp":1787760606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_459_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_459_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-237X","0976-2361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-237X","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-15","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}