{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T08:43:37Z","timestamp":1788857017265,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children from marginalized backgrounds show higher susceptibility to early childhood caries which can have serious repercussions. Determining the ideal application frequency of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is crucial for those with limited access to dental care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different frequencies of 38% SDF application in halting the progression of active dentin coronal carious lesions in primary teeth of children aged 2\u20136 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized controlled trial with parallel arms was conducted at Amrita Kripa Hospital, Kalpetta, Wayanad, a region with a significant tribal population. Children with cavitated carious lesions were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) annual group (one application per year), (2) biannual group (two applications per year), and (3) four applications per year (at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks). Carrie\u2019s arrest was assessed at 6 and 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 80 children and 440 teeth. The four-application group showed the highest caries arrest rate (80.5%), followed by the biannual group (78.2%) and the annual group (58.4%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 21.873,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More frequent SDF applications (four times per year) were significantly more effective in halting caries progression compared to biannual or annual applications, particularly evident in tribal children; a high-risk population with limited access to dental care. The study supports the use of SDF as a noninvasive, cost-effective preventive treatment for young children, especially in resource-limited settings, and emphasizes the need for frequent SDF applications in community-based oral health programs with limited dental care access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_535_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T03:19:06Z","timestamp":1743218346000},"page":"28-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Induja","family":"Devan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrashekar","family":"Janakiram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkitachalam","family":"Ramanarayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balagopal R","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Vasudevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Amrita Kripa Hospital, Kalpetta, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.077016","article-title":"The burden of oral ill health for children","volume":"91","author":"Nunn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"R2-20250327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2015.09.019","article-title":"Billions with oral disease:A global health crisis \u2013A call to action","volume":"146","author":"Sheiham","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R5-20250327","first-page":"594","article-title":"Early childhood caries lesions in preschool children in Kerala, India","volume":"25","author":"Jose","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R6-20250327","first-page":"52","article-title":"Policy on early childhood caries (ECC):Classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies","volume":"38","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R7-20250327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12067","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of a disease management program for early childhood caries","volume":"75","author":"Samnaliev","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Public Health Dent"},{"key":"R8-20250327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E17","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.333","article-title":"I felt weird and wobbly. 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