{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:51Z","timestamp":1787762031594,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Dental caries is a biofilm-related oral disease that continues to afflict the majority of the world\u2019s population. The disease results from an interaction between specific bacteria and dietary constituents within a biofilm known as dental plaque. Among the cariogenic microorganisms,\n Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n (\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n ) plays pivotal role in caries-inducing processes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n \n Evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of self-assembling peptide P\n 11<\/jats:sub>\n -4-based tooth remineralization agents on\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n An\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n microbiological study. The antibacterial efficacy of self-assembling peptide P\n 11<\/jats:sub>\n -4 gel (Group 1), fluoride enhanced hydroxyapatite gel (Group 2), acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (Group 3), chlorhexidine gluconate gel 1.0% w\/w (Group 4; positive control), and normal saline (Group 5; negative control) was performed using time-kill assay over a period of 24 h and the number of\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n colony-forming units (CFUs) were calculated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n \n Statistical analysis was done using Kruskal\u2013Wallis test and Mann\u2013Whitney\n post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n Test. The level of significance was set at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Group 1 showed mean CFUs (\u00d7 10\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ) of 841.33 \u00b1 3.51, Group 2 showed 10035.33 \u00b1 60.68, Group 3 showed 1058.00 \u00b1 56.96, Group 4 showed 0.00 \u00b1 0.00, and Group 5 showed mean CFUs with 15226.67 \u00b1 96.67. The difference in the mean CFUs (\u00d7 10\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ) between different groups was statistically significant at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n The self-assembling peptide P\n 11<\/jats:sub>\n -4-based tooth remineralization agent exhibited an inhibitory influence on\n S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n and hence formation of cariogenic bacteria dominant biofilm can thus be affected by its application.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_631_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T02:44:21Z","timestamp":1688006661000},"page":"141-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Fluoride-Based and Self-Assembling Peptide P11-4-based Tooth Remineralization Agents on Streptococcus mutans: A Microbiological Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zaina","family":"Gayas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umme","family":"Azher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santhosh T.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arul","family":"Selvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Divya","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Raghu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu","family":"Uday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.4103\/JISPPD.JISPPD_255_18","article-title":"Evaluation of enamel remineralizing potential of self-assembling peptideP(11)-4 on artificially induced enamel lesions in vitro","volume":"36","author":"Sindhura","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"key":"R2-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1159\/000325151","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of fluoride for caries control","volume":"22","author":"Buzalaf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"key":"R3-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517737025","article-title":"Treatment of carious lesions using self-assembling peptides","volume":"29","author":"Alkilzy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Dent Res"},{"key":"R4-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1159\/000327250","article-title":"Natural products in caries research: Current (limited) knowledge, challenges and future perspective","volume":"45","author":"Jeon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"R6-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.107257","article-title":"Early childhood caries update: A review of causes, diagnoses, and treatments","volume":"4","author":"Colak","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"R7-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1159\/000348519","article-title":"Relationship between fluoride concentration and activity against virulence factors and viability of a cariogenic biofilm: In vitro study","volume":"47","author":"Pandit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Caries Res"},{"key":"R8-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2013.12.008","article-title":"The effect of delmopinol and fluoride on acid adaptation and acid production in dental plaque biofilms","volume":"59","author":"Neilands","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"R9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517698419","article-title":"Biomimetic remineralization of carious lesions by self-assembling peptide","volume":"96","author":"Kind","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dent Res"}],"container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_631_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:15:12Z","timestamp":1787760912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_631_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_631_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-237X","0976-2361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-237X","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}