{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:01:27Z","timestamp":1787169687995,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and has been strongly associated with elevation of systemic markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen (FIB), and lipid profile, which have also been significantly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Hence, there is a need to assess the possible association between chronic periodontitis and coronary artery disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A study included 100 subjects divided into four groups. Group I: stable coronary artery disease with chronic periodontitis, Group II: stable coronary artery disease without chronic periodontitis, Group III: chronic periodontitis without coronary artery disease, and Group IV: healthy controls. Gingival index, Russell's periodontal index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded. Venous blood was collected from the patients, and serum fibrinogen, CRP, and lipid profile levels were estimated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The intragroup comparison of biochemical and periodontal parameters showed statistically significant results with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05. The intergroup comparison of serum FIB, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and clinical attachment level showed statistical significant results (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.000,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.000,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.025, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.000, respectively) between Groups I and III.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of the study indicate that there might a possible correlation between coronary artery disease and chronic periodontitis, but periodontitis-cardiovascular link is complex and difficult to define though there is sufficient evidence for their association. Leakage of pro-inflammatory cytokines from the ulcerated periodontium causes the production of acute-phase proteins by the liver. To prove the relationship, further studies should be considered making use of other markers of inflammation with prospective randomized controlled studies involving large population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_659_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T11:10:58Z","timestamp":1648033858000},"page":"50-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessment of Serum Parameters in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients in Correlation with Healthy and Chronic Periodontitis Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mukta V","family":"Sanikop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivanand","family":"Aspalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagappa","family":"G","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafia Nawab","family":"Jabeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagaveni","family":"Aspalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Hemachandra","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R3-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000118497.44961.1E","article-title":"Asymptomatic dental score and prevalent coronary heart disease","volume":"109","author":"Janket","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R4-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6676.779","article-title":"Association between dental health and acute myocardial infarction","volume":"298","author":"Mattila","year":"1989","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R5-9-20240901","first-page":"51","article-title":"Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction","volume":"14","author":"Mattila","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R6-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345990780120301","article-title":"Association between extent of periodontal attachment loss and self-reported history of heart attack: An analysis of NHANES III data","volume":"78","author":"Arbes","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"R7-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6879.688","article-title":"Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality","volume":"306","author":"DeStefano","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R8-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021993","article-title":"Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events","volume":"347","author":"Ridker","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R9-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12284","article-title":"Periodontitis in coronary heart disease patients: Strong association between bleeding on probing and systemic biomarkers","volume":"41","author":"Bokhari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R10-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12290","article-title":"The effect of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular risk markers: A 6-month randomized clinical trial","volume":"41","author":"Ca\u00fala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R11-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1967.38.6.610","article-title":"The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems","volume":"38","author":"L\u00f6e","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R12-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345560350030401","article-title":"A system of classification and scoring for prevalence surveys of periodontal disease","volume":"35","author":"Russell","year":"1956","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"R16-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)01387-9","article-title":"The human mouth as a focus of infection","volume":"138","author":"Miller","year":"1891","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R17-9-20240901","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease","volume":"67","author":"Beck","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R18-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140520","article-title":"Update on prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012","volume":"86","author":"Eke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R19-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2011.00413.x","article-title":"Global periodontal disease epidemiology","volume":"58","author":"Dye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"R20-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1102-1257","article-title":"Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques: New mechanisms and clinical targets","volume":"8","author":"Libby","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R21-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430","article-title":"Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease","volume":"352","author":"Hansson","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R22-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu299","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: Epidemiological update","volume":"35","author":"Nichols","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R23-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17018-9","article-title":"Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): Case-control study","volume":"364","author":"Yusuf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R24-9-20240901","first-page":"197","article-title":"Periodontal diseases and cardiovascular events: Meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"59","author":"Blaizot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"R25-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.06.037","article-title":"The prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease is significantly increased in periodontitis: A meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"Bahekar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"R26-9-20240901","first-page":"6","article-title":"Bacteria and bacterial DNA in atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysmal wall biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis","volume":"15","author":"Armingohar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"R27-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa063186","article-title":"Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function","volume":"356","author":"Tonetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R28-9-20240901","first-page":"271","article-title":"Periodontal therapy and biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk","volume":"59","author":"Moura Foz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Minerva Stomatol"},{"key":"R30-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12611","article-title":"Periodontal conditions and incidence of new cardiovascular events among patients with coronary vascular disease","volume":"43","author":"Reichert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R31-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2007.01916.x","article-title":"Severity of periodontal disease correlates to inflammatory systemic status and independently predicts the presence and angiographic extent of stable coronary artery disease","volume":"263","author":"Amabile","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"R32-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.12.1882","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction","volume":"71","author":"Emingil","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R33-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1999.tb02264.x","article-title":"Periodontitis-atherosclerosis syndrome: An expanded model of pathogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Offenbacher","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"R34-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2000.027008537.x","article-title":"Plasma lipid and blood glucose levels in patients with destructive periodontal disease","volume":"27","author":"L\u00f6sche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R35-9-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408300213","article-title":"Periodontal disease and biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease","volume":"83","author":"Joshipura","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dent Res"}],"container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_659_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:10:48Z","timestamp":1787166648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_659_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_659_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-237X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-237X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}