{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:26:32Z","timestamp":1787761592373,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periodontitis is associated with various systemic diseases one of which is poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a genetically complex endocrinopathy of uncertain etiology affecting women of the reproductive age group which results in the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, menstrual dysfunction, and hirsutism. PCOS has a close association with cardiometabolic risk profile, insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and increasing the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The common pathway is the chronic low-grade inflammation which is constituted by pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to compare salivary IL-6 levels among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with and without chronic periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Newly diagnosed PCOS patients were selected for the study, and the periodontal parameters were recorded. Group A consists of 42 patients of PCOS with periodontitis and Group B consists of 42 patients of PCOS without periodontitis. Salivary levels of IL-6 were compared between the two groups and were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (bioassay).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean pocket depth in Group A was 4.23 \u00b1 0.134 and that of Group B was 1.30 \u00b1 0.06. The mean bleeding on probing in Group A was 1.40 \u00b1 0.40 and in Group B it was 0.91 \u00b1 0.18. The mean clinical attachment level in Group A was 4.87 \u00b1 0.124 and that of Group B was 1.30 \u00b1 0.06. The mean difference in clinical parameters was statistically significant between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.001). IL-6 level in group A is 102.59 \u00b1 18.2 and in Group B it was 51.3 \u00b1 25.3.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Salivary IL-6 levels show a double-fold increase in PCOS with periodontitis than in PCOS without periodontitis. This study reflects the importance of periodontal health and the prevention of periodontal disease so as to minimize IR in PCOS patients with periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_848_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T04:46:37Z","timestamp":1675917997000},"page":"498-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Salivary Interleukin-6 Levels among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients with and Without Chronic Periodontitis \u2013 A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Arun","family":"Varghese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratebha","family":"Balu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saravanakumar","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jananni","family":"Muthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Vineela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0004","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular disease: A premature association?","volume":"24","author":"Legro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"R2-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1052","article-title":"Periodontal disease in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Dursun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R3-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2003.03106.x","article-title":"Proteolytic host cell enzymes in gingival crevice fluid","volume":"31","author":"Uitto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"R4-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.130756","article-title":"Periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in polycystic ovary syndrome with and without medical treatment","volume":"85","author":"Porwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R5-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200306000-00011","article-title":"Insulin sensitizers for polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Baillargeon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R6-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615486","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/615486","article-title":"Mechanisms of bone resorption in periodontitis","volume":"2015","author":"Hienz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"R7-17-20231009","first-page":"442","article-title":"Oxidative stress and antioxitant therapy of chronic periodontitis","volume":"51","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"R8-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12002","article-title":"Inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease","volume":"64","author":"Cekici","year":"2014","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"R9-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/ijir.2017.7","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Kellesarian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"R10-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.170121","article-title":"Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy along with myo-inositol on high-sensitivity C-Reactive protein and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"88","author":"Deepti","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R11-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110588","article-title":"Is there an interaction between polycystic ovary syndrome and gingival inflammation?","volume":"83","author":"\u00d6z\u00e7aka","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R13-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264","article-title":"Case definitions for use in population-based surveillance of periodontitis","volume":"78","author":"Page","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R14-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1996.67.6.555","article-title":"Indices to measure gingival bleeding","volume":"67","author":"Newbrun","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R15-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720160082","article-title":"Periodontal disease and inflammatory blood cytokines in patients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"24","author":"Kampits","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"R16-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.6.7580","article-title":"Low grade chronic inflammation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"86","author":"Kelly","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R17-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03685-x","article-title":"Competing factors link to bone health in polycystic ovary syndrome: Chronic low-grade inflammation takes a toll","volume":"7","author":"Kalyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R18-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080070","article-title":"Bone remodeling biomarkers of periodontal disease in saliva","volume":"79","author":"Frodge","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R19-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2005.00352.x","article-title":"Current concepts in periodontal bioengineering","volume":"8","author":"Taba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"R20-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-011-0538-7","article-title":"Salivary bone turnover markers in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women: Daily and seasonal rhythm","volume":"16","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"R21-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2013.1222","article-title":"Assessment of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-\u03b1 levels in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontitis","volume":"6","author":"Noh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"R22-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490308","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/490308","article-title":"Interleukin-6 c.-174G and C polymorphism and periodontitis in a Brazilian population","volume":"2014","author":"Gabriela Teixeira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Biol Int"},{"key":"R23-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2009.00291.x","article-title":"Interleukin-6 (G-174C) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (G-308A) gene polymorphisms in geriatric patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"R24-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2006.4.122","article-title":"Association between circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and insulin resistance in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Tarkun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"key":"R25-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2014.895981","article-title":"Interleukin-6 levels in relation with hormonal and metabolic profile in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"30","author":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"R26-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148531","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148531","article-title":"Interleukin-6 Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Peng","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R27-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.12.3391","article-title":"Interleukin-6 induces cellular insulin resistance in hepatocytes","volume":"51","author":"Senn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"R28-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.suppl_1.53","article-title":"Insulin regulation of human ovarian androgens","volume":"12","author":"Nestler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"R29-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2005.04.005","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence","volume":"34","author":"Buggs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"R30-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1429.005","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence","volume":"1135","author":"Blank","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"R31-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.61","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents","volume":"32","author":"Franks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond"},{"key":"R32-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719050","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/719050","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, and obesity: navigating the pathophysiologic labyrinth","volume":"2014","author":"Rojas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R33-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1262855","article-title":"Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with metformin ameliorates insulin resistance in parallel with the decrease of serum interleukin-6 concentrations","volume":"42","author":"Luque-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"R34-17-20231009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080471","article-title":"Periodontal therapy reduces plasma levels of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in patients with severe periodontitis and refractory arterial hypertension","volume":"80","author":"Vidal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Contemporary Clinical Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01535384-201910030-00017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:02:31Z","timestamp":1787760151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01535384-201910030-00017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ccd.ccd_848_18","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-237X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-237X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}