{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:02:36Z","timestamp":1791910956939,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an instant death of cardiomyocytes that ends in a large mortality worldwide. Thus, there is a great interest to come up with novel protective approaches for AMI to mount cardiomyocyte survival, enhance postinfarcted cardiac function, and countermand the process of cardiac remodeling. Spermidine has vital roles in vast cellular processes under pathophysiological circumstances. This study aims to enhance our comprehension of the role of autophagy as a possible protective sequel of spermidine supplementation on postinfarction ventricular dysfunction in a rat model of AMI induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Thirty male rats were divided into three groups (control, AMI, and spermidine + AMI). AMI was induced by subcutaneous ISO injections for two consecutive days. Rats were pretreated with spermidine by intraperitoneal injection before induction of AMI. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded in all rats 24 h after the second dose of ISO. Rats were sacrificed after ECG recording, and samples were taken for biochemical assessments. Spermidine intake before induction of AMI in rats significantly attenuated cardiac dysfunction where cardiac enzymes are decreased, and ECG changes induced by ISO are reversed in cardiomyocytes. Spermidine affects the autophagic flux of autophagy-related protein expression (LC3-II, TFEP, and p62). Furthermore, it increased the total antioxidant capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/cjp.cjp_76_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T02:07:37Z","timestamp":1640570857000},"page":"281-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Study of the Cardioprotective Effect of Spermidine"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Eman Magdy","family":"Omar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha Said","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai Said","family":"Shoela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norhan Sobhy","family":"El Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6437641","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6437641","article-title":"Sundarban honey confers protection against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats","volume":"2016","author":"Afroz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R2-4-20240830","first-page":"21961","article-title":"Matrine ameliorates isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia through regulation of growth factors and RhoA\/ROCK1 pathway","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"R3-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.09.006","article-title":"Biological significance of dietary polyamines","volume":"23","author":"Larqu\u00e9","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"R4-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1237","article-title":"The function of spermine","volume":"66","author":"Pegg","year":"2014","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"R5-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.1.10600","article-title":"Spermidine: A novel autophagy inducer and longevity elixir","volume":"6","author":"Madeo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"R6-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb0910-842","article-title":"Can autophagy promote longevity?","volume":"12","author":"Madeo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"R7-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13328","article-title":"TLR3 contributes to persistent autophagy and heart failure in mice after myocardial infarction","volume":"22","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"R8-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.03.047","article-title":"Djhsp90s are crucial regulators during planarian regeneration and tissue homeostasis","volume":"498","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"R9-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-0776","article-title":"Placental and cord blood methylation of genes involved in energy homeostasis: Association with fetal growth and neonatal body composition","volume":"66","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"R10-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.12.014","article-title":"IL-17A contributes to myocardial ischemic injury by activating NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages through AMPK\u03b1\/p38MAPK\/ERK1\/2 signal pathway in mice","volume":"105","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"R11-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112891","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112891","article-title":"Impaired autophagy contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R12-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1159\/000438648","article-title":"Spermine inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis: A new strategy to prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis","volume":"38","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"R13-4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(12)70945-3","article-title":"Acute treatment with metformin improves cardiac function following isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats","volume":"64","author":"Soraya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"R14-4-20240830","first-page":"S4","article-title":"IFCC methods for the measurements of catalytic concentration of enzymes. 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