{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:08:29Z","timestamp":1785805709008,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":442,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective: The present study was designed to compare the effects of two surgical methods, anterior maxillary segmental distraction (AMSD) versus conventional Le Fort I osteotomy, on cephalometric changes of velopharyngeal area of patients with cleft lip and palate. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 20 CLP in two groups. The first group had classic Le Fort I maxillary advancement and the second group had AMSD with a modified hyrax as an intraoral tooth-borne distractor. In the second group, 1 week after the surgery, activation of hyrax screw was started with the rate of 2 times a day for about 10 days. Initial and final lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed by OrthoSurgerX software. Results: The changes in variables evaluating velopharyngeal status showed a significant difference between the two groups. In Group A (conventional), the mean of nasopharyngeal area and Nasopharynx floor length showed a significant increase (P &lt; 0.05) after the surgery, while in Group B (DO), the trend of changes was vice-versa. The changes in SNA, overjet, and soft-tissue convexity were similar in both groups. Conclusion: AMSD can improve facial profile, almost similar to the conventional Le Fort I advancement, while there is a significant decrease in nasopharyngeal; hereby there is no increase in the velopharyngeal sphincter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ejd.ejd_374_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T07:25:29Z","timestamp":1533021929000},"page":"393-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cephalometric changes in nasopharyngeal area after anterior maxillary segmental distraction versus Le Fort I osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Soodeh","family":"Tahmasbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdolreza","family":"Jamilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahman","family":"Showkatbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereydoun","family":"Pourdanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Behnaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-1","first-page":"14","volume-title":"A meta-analysis of cleft maxillary osteotomy and distraction osteogenesis","author":"Cheung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-2","first-page":"454","volume-title":"Anterior segmental distraction osteogenesis in the hypoplastic cleft maxilla: Report of five cases","author":"Rao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-3","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Treatment variables affecting facial growth in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","author":"Ross","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-4","first-page":"482","volume-title":"Distraction osteogenesis versus orthognathic surgery","author":"Van","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-5","first-page":"148","volume-title":"A new le fort I internal distraction device in the treatment of severe maxillary hypoplasia","author":"Gateno","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-6","first-page":"962","volume-title":"Velopharyngeal changes after maxillary distraction in cleft patients using a rigid external distraction device: A retrospective study","author":"Taha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-7","first-page":"330","volume-title":"Pharyngoplasty in patients with cleft lip and palate after maxillary advancement","author":"Maegawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-8","first-page":"477","volume-title":"The effect of cranio-maxillofacial osteotomies and distraction osteogenesis on speech and velopharyngeal status: A critical review","author":"Chanchareonsook","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-9","first-page":"633","volume-title":"Maxillary distraction versus orthognathic surgery in cleft lip and palate patients: Effects on speech and velopharyngeal function","author":"Chua","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-10","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Effects of orthognathic surgery on speech and breathing of subjects with cleft lip and palate: Acoustic and aerodynamic assessment","author":"Trindade","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-11","first-page":"176","volume-title":"Velopharyngeal insufficiency after maxillary advancement","author":"Witzel","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-12","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Morphological evaluation of changes in velopharyngeal function following maxillary distraction in patients with repaired cleft palate during mixed dentition","author":"Satoh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-13","first-page":"302","volume-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of patients treated by maxillary anterior segmental distraction: A preliminary report","author":"Bengi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-14","first-page":"282","volume-title":"Use of distraction osteogenesis for maxillary advancement: Preliminary results","author":"Block","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-15","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Maxillary anterior segmental advancement by using distraction osteogenesis: A case report","author":"Dolanmaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-16","first-page":"1044","volume-title":"Anterior maxillary distraction by tooth-borne palatal distractor","author":"Gunaseelan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-17","first-page":"126","volume-title":"Maxillary anterior segmental advancement of hypoplastic maxilla in cleft patients by distraction osteogenesis: Report of 2 cases","author":"Alkan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-18","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Advancement of maxillary anterior segment by distraction osteogenesis (DO): A case report","author":"Gualini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-19","first-page":"1237","volume-title":"Anterior maxillary segmental distraction for correction of maxillary hypoplasia and dental crowding in cleft palate patients: A preliminary 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speech, pharyngeal hypophysis, chordoma and the dens","author":"Tobias","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Dent Assoc S Afr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-24","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The bony nasopharynx.A roentgen-craniometric study","author":"Bergland","year":"1963","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-25","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Changes in speech following maxillary distraction osteogenesis","author":"Guyette","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-26","first-page":"817","volume-title":"Anterior segmental distraction of the hypoplastic maxilla by a tooth borne device: A study on the movement of the segment","author":"Okcu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.237868-27","first-page":"150","volume-title":"Advancement of the anterior maxilla by distraction (case 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