{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:20:54Z","timestamp":1791991254161,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) often mimics pancreatic cancer (PC), particularly if presenting as a focal lesion. EUS may orient the differential diagnosis between them. This study aims to identify EUS findings that might be useful to differentiate type 1 focal autoimmune pancreatitis (f-AIP1) and PC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>F-AIP1 and PC patients were retrospectively collected, matched, and compared. EUS findings considered were: focal mass echogenicity, loss of lobularity, distal atrophy, peripancreatic hypoechoic margins (PHM), pancreatic duct dilation, duct-penetrating sign (DPS), pancreatic\/common bile duct thickened walls (PD\/CBD-TW), and vessel infiltration (VI). Elastography findings were also recorded. Variables with a <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 at univariate analysis were included in logistic multiple regression.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Fifteen patients with f-AIP and 60 with PC were studied. FE was hypoechoic in all patients from both groups. PHM was observed in 40% of f-AIP1 cases but not in PC ones (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). DPS was found in 10\/15 (66.7%) f-AIP1 and in 7\/60 (11.7%) PC patients (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). PD-TW and CBD-TW were observed in 66.7%\/60% f-AIP1 cases and in 6.7%\/13.6% PC patients, respectively (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001 for both comparisons). Pancreatic masses were significantly different at EUS elastography (elastic respectively in 71.4% f-AIP1 and 3.8% PC, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). VI was suspected in 20% of f-AIPs and 85% of PCs (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). At multiple regression, PD-TW, CBD-TW, elastic pattern, and the absence of VI independently supported a diagnosis of f-AIP1.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our results suggest that EUS findings deserve consideration in the diagnostic workup of AIP to improve the differential diagnosis with PC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/eus-d-21-00111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T07:46:13Z","timestamp":1643874373000},"page":"216-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Differential EUS findings in focal type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Tacelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piera","family":"Zaccari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Petrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel","family":"Della Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Lanzillotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Falconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Doglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Capurso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Giorgio","family":"Arcidiacono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02275-x","article-title":"Autoimmune pancreatitis: An update","volume":"45","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"R2-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1038\/s41395-018-0146-0","article-title":"Autoimmune pancreatitis","volume":"113","author":"Nagpal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R3-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1067","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1067","article-title":"Advances in the diagnosis and management of IgG4 related disease","volume":"369","author":"Lanzillotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R5-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3182142fd2","article-title":"International consensus diagnostic criteria for autoimmune pancreatitis: Guidelines of the International Association of Pancreatology","volume":"40","author":"Shimosegawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"R6-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12641","article-title":"Immunology of IgG4-related disease","volume":"181","author":"Della-Torre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"R7-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-007-2044-x","article-title":"Clinical features of autoimmune pancreatitis","volume":"42","author":"Kawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R8-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.09.051","article-title":"Risk factors for rate of relapse and effects of steroid maintenance therapy in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Tacelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R9-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1038\/s41395-018-0184-7","article-title":"Current concept of autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-related disease","volume":"113","author":"Okazaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R10-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.327","article-title":"Autoimmune pancreatitis: Differences between the focal and diffuse forms in 87 patients","volume":"104","author":"Frulloni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R11-7-20241018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2017.07.027","article-title":"Different types of autoimmune pancreatitis. 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