{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:27:40Z","timestamp":1786728460385,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To delineate the hysteroscopic findings of placental site nodule and plaque (PSNP) and determine its association with secondary infertility and chronic endometritis (CE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of seven patients diagnosed with PSNP among women with secondary infertility mainly treated by assisted reproduction due to the variety of indications who underwent office mini-hysteroscopy with resection (MHR) followed by endometrial aspiration biopsy (EAB). Clinical backgrounds, specific hysteroscopic findings, and the sampling methods for the diagnosis of PSNP were analyzed. The presence of CE was diagnosed by CD138 immunostaining and relationship between PSNP and CE were evaluated. The clinical outcomes were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple yellow-white colored protuberant lesion, micro polyps, and stalkless polyp were found and were resected under direct hysteroscopic observation. In five patients where PSNP was detected in both MHR and EAB samples, targeted biopsy using MHR within yellow-white colored protuberant lesion revealed PSNP. CD138 immunostaining showed marked plasma cell infiltration around the PSNP nodules in six patients and clinical CE were diagnosed in five patients. All women conceived spontaneously or with frozen-thaw embryo transfer after the procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Yellow-white colored protuberant lesion is likely to be specific hysteroscopic findings of PSNP. However, the possibility of PSNP covered by superficial endometrium or with nonspecific appearances should be considered. The presence of PSNP may interfere with fertility and that hysteroscopic detection and resection of these lesions may have clinical significance in women with secondary infertility. Inflammatory reaction caused by PSNP may provoke secondary CE in surrounding endometrium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/gmit.gmit-d-24-00041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T15:00:18Z","timestamp":1752937218000},"page":"207-214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Clinical Significance of Placental Site Nodule and Plaque in Women with Secondary Infertility Treated with Office Hysteroscopic Surgery: The Case Series of Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rika","family":"Yamamichi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women\u2019s Medical Center, Takagi Hospital, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Nomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women\u2019s Medical Center, Takagi Hospital, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Arima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women\u2019s Medical Center, Takagi Hospital, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Yamasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Saga Central Hospital, Saga-City, Saga, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women\u2019s Medical Center, Takagi Hospital, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Kitajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women\u2019s Medical Center, Takagi Hospital, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa-City, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2021.02.005","article-title":"Pathology of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD)","volume":"74","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R2-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199011000-00002","article-title":"Placental site nodules and plaques. 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A case report","volume":"1","author":"Zupi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc"},{"key":"R10-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.05.103","article-title":"Radiographic and hysteroscopic findings of a placental site nodule","volume":"83","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R11-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12394","article-title":"Endometrial polyps with increased plasma cells are associated with chronic endometritis in infertility patients: Hysteroscopic findings and post-polypectomy pregnancy rates","volume":"20","author":"Nomiyama","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Med Biol"},{"key":"R12-20250804","article-title":"Association between endometrial polyps and chronic endometritis: Is it time for a paradigm shift in the pathophysiology of endometrial polyps in pre-menopausal women?Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Vitagliano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"R13-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.05.029","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for chronic endometritis in patients with intrauterine disorders after hysteroscopic surgery","volume":"118","author":"Kuroda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R14-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.131","article-title":"Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization","volume":"93","author":"Johnston-MacAnanny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R15-20250804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(99)90095-3","article-title":"Placental site nodule and characterization of distinctive types of intermediate trophoblast","volume":"30","author":"Shih","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"}],"container-title":["Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:27:19Z","timestamp":1786724839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/gmit.gmit-d-24-00041","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-3070","2213-3089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-3070","type":"print"},{"value":"2213-3089","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-09","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}