{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:21:21Z","timestamp":1787764881243,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies from the US and Europe showed a decline in smoking among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but limited data are available from the Middle East. In this study, we describe the temporal trend in the prevalence, associated risk factors, and outcomes of smoking among patients with AMI in Qatar.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 27,648 AMI patients were analyzed from the cardiology registry at Heart Hospital, Doha, Qatar. This spans from January 1991 to May 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the total, 13,562 patients (49.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 48%\u201350%) were smokers, with a clear majority of males (98.5%). Smoking habit was found to decrease in AMI patients with increasing age (age 51\u201360 years, adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67\u20130.76,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001, and age \u226561 years, adjusted OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.42\u20130.48,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001, in comparison to age \u226450 years). Smoking was associated with a lower risk of inhospital mortality (adjusted OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.54\u20130.70,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), but triglyceride, obesity, and old myocardial infarction risk factors were associated with a higher risk. A decreasing trend in current smoking habits in each quantile of the 1996\u20132000 year (adjusted OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71\u20130.93,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), 2001\u20132005 year (adjusted OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62\u20130.80,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), 2006\u20132010 year (adjusted OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.67\u20130.84,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), 2011\u20132015 year (adjusted OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42\u20130.54,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), 2016\u20132020 year (adjusted OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.43\u20130.54,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), and \u22652021 year (adjusted OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.40\u20130.53,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) was observed in comparison to the quantile 1991\u20131995 year. Similar results were also observed in the young population (age \u226450 years) including the non-Qataris, who had 25% more smokers in comparison to Qatari nationals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smoking trended down significantly; however, it remained prevalent in 50% of patients among AMI patients. Smokers were younger, with fewer traditional risk factors, and had lower inhospital mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/heartviews.heartviews_26_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T03:50:43Z","timestamp":1698983443000},"page":"171-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Smoking in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hajar Ahmed","family":"Hajar Albinali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajvir","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omnia Tajelsir Abdalla","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Rahman","family":"Al Arabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betsy","family":"Varughese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awad","family":"Al Qahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidal","family":"Asaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jassim","family":"Al Suwaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-1-20240902","first-page":"77","article-title":"Risk factors for premature myocardial infarction: A matched case-control study","volume":"11","author":"Kazemi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Res Health Sci"},{"key":"R2-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.4103\/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_71_17","article-title":"A systematic review on the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction in Iran","volume":"18","author":"Mohseni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Views"},{"key":"R3-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.894068","article-title":"Correlation of smoking and myocardial infarction among Sudanese male patients above 40 years of age","volume":"81","author":"Elkhader","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"R4-1-20240902","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction: A review","volume":"2","author":"Rathore","year":"2018","journal-title":"EJMI"},{"key":"R5-1-20240902","first-page":"2807","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoking on clinical outcomes of hospitalized Chinese male smokers with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"123","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl"},{"key":"R6-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-308263","article-title":"Smoking status and life expectancy after acute myocardial infarction in the elderly","volume":"102","author":"Bucholz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"R7-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e49979","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.49979","article-title":"The hazards of smoking and the benefits of cessation: A critical summation of the epidemiological evidence in high-income countries","volume":"9","author":"Jha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"R8-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60781-2","article-title":"Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in women compared with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"378","author":"Huxley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R9-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2188-3","article-title":"The bizzare phenomenon of smokers' paradox in the immediate outcome post acute myocardial infarction: An insight into the Malaysian national cardiovascular database-acute coronary syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry year 2006-2013","volume":"5","author":"Venkatason","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"R10-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv738","article-title":"Impact of active smoking on myocardial infarction severity in reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: The smoker's paradox revisited","volume":"37","author":"Symons","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R11-1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2315","article-title":"In-hospital mortality of habitual cigarette smokers after acute myocardial infarction; 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