{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T06:07:56Z","timestamp":1792217276461,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an essential tool for managing acute respiratory failure (ARF) in pediatric patients with hematological and oncological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the HFNC failure rate and identify factors associated with HFNC failure in pediatric hematology\/oncology patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with ARF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective cohort study that included 200 pediatric hematology\/oncology patients aged 0\u201314 years with ARF who underwent HFNC. All patients were admitted to the PICU at the King Fahad National Center for Child Cancer in Saudi Arabia from January 2018 to December 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The patient cohort had a median age of 3 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.3\u20137.0), and (61.5%) of patients were males. The key indications for HFNC were pneumonia (48.0%), sepsis (46.0%), and cardiac failure (18.0%). The median duration of HFNC was 36\u2009h (IQR: 20\u201368), and the median PICU length of stay was 6 days (IQR: 4\u201316). HFNC failure rate was (27.0%). Air leaks were reported in (2.5%) of patients. The PICU mortality was 29.5% (59\/200), including 40 patients (67.8%) with HFNC failure. Required intubation within 48\u2009h was observed in 13.0% (26\/200) of patients. Multivariable analysis revealed that the initial pH (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030), shorter HFNC duration (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), cardiac failure (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), and sepsis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.041) were predictors of HFNC failure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HFNC failure rate in this study was 27%, which is within the range of other studies. Thus, HFNC is an acceptable treatment option for pediatric hematology\/oncology patients with ARF. However, further investigation is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/hemoncstem.hemoncstem-d-24-00048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T02:00:11Z","timestamp":1745373611000},"page":"29-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology Patients Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with Acute Respiratory Failure"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tareq","family":"Alayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi 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