{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:03:08Z","timestamp":1787169788148,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by autoantibodies against desmosomal proteins in the pemphigus group of disorders and adhesion molecules of the dermal-epidermal junction in pemphigoid group of diseases. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) establishes the diagnosis of AIBD by demonstrating intercellular deposits of IgG and C3 in case of pemphigus and linear deposits of IgG and C3 along the basement membrane zone (BMZ) in bullous pemphigoid (BP). BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), a novel diagnostic approach employs detection of characteristic staining pattern and target antigens in a single miniature incubation field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the BIOCHIP mosaic-based IIF with DIF in the diagnosis of AIBD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 40 patients of AIBD in the active phase of the disease were included in the study. Skin biopsy was done in these patients for DIF study and serum was subjected to BIOCHIP mosaic-based IIF assay. The results were then compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DIF revealed a diagnosis of Pemphigus in 18 patients and BP in 22 patients. BIOCHIP showed a diagnosis of pemphigus in 18 patients, BP in 18 patients and floor pattern staining in four patients, which could be attributed to any of the floor pattern staining subepidermal blistering disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Small sample size, lack of control group and no comparison made with ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study concludes that the result of BIOCHIP shows correlation with the DIF and can be used as a first line-screening tool in the diagnosis of AIBD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_156_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T09:15:00Z","timestamp":1637054100000},"page":"105-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative Analysis of BIOCHIP Mosaic-based Indirect Immunofluorescence with Direct Immunofluorescence in Diagnosis of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Arunprasath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaitra","family":"Venkataswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-7-49","article-title":"Serological diagnosis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases: prospective comparison of the BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence technique with the conventional multi-step single test strategy","volume":"7","author":"Van Beek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"R2-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2017.10.001","article-title":"New biochip immunofluorescence test for the serological diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus: A review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Xuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Womens Dermatol"},{"key":"R3-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.06.007","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of patients with autoimmune bullous disorders in Germany","volume":"29","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"R4-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000339776","article-title":"Anti-skin specific autoantibodies detected by a new immunofluorescence multiplex biochip method in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases","volume":"225","author":"Tampoia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"R5-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2013.12.012","article-title":"The use of biochip immunofluorescence microscopy for the diagnosis of Pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"116","author":"Russo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Histochem"},{"key":"R6-15-20240828","first-page":"202","article-title":"The value of the BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence technique in the diagnosis of pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid in Turkish patients","volume":"25","author":"\u00d6zkesici","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerologica Croat"},{"key":"R7-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-015-0278-x","article-title":"Prevalence of pemphigus and pemphigoid autoantibodies in the general population","volume":"10","author":"Prussmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"R8-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11030","article-title":"Salivary samples for the diagnosis of Pemphigus vulgaris using the BIOCHIP approach: A pilot study","volume":"31","author":"Russo","year":"2017","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"R9-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2017.65617","article-title":"Accuracy of molecular diagnostics in pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid: Comparison of commercial and modified mosaic indirect immunofluorescence tests as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays","volume":"34","author":"Gornowicz-Porowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Postepy Dermatol Alergol"},{"key":"R10-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15770","article-title":"Validation of the BIOCHIP test for the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus","volume":"34","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"R11-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2012.05.007","article-title":"Autoantibody detection in bullous pemphigoid: clinical evaluation of theEUROPLUSTM Dermatology Mosaic","volume":"382","author":"Damoiseaux","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"R13-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001471","article-title":"Role of BIOCHIP Indirect Immunofluorescence Test in Cutaneous Vesiculobullous Diseases","volume":"42","author":"Tirumalae","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"R14-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61140-4","article-title":"Pemphigoid diseases","volume":"381","author":"Schmidt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R15-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1994.01690120057008","article-title":"Antiepiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid. A subepithelial bullous disorder","volume":"130","author":"Domloge-Hultsch","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"R16-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12349283","article-title":"A novel subepidermal blistering disease with autoantibodies to a 200-kDa antigen of the basement membrane zone","volume":"106","author":"Zillikens","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"R17-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01974","article-title":"Serological diagnosis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases","volume":"10","author":"Saschenbrecker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.325862","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"record-id":"33335"},{"DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.325862","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000}}],"container-title":["Indian Dermatology Online Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_156_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:12:54Z","timestamp":1787166774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_156_19"}},"subtitle":["A Cross-Sectional Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/idoj.idoj_156_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["2229-5178"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2229-5178","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}