{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:43:18Z","timestamp":1792827798703,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium indicus pranii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MIP), previously called Mw vaccine, is a one-of-a-kind immunomodulatory vaccine. It was indigenously developed in India for use in leprosy. MIP is heat-killed\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium w,<\/jats:italic>\n                    which is a non-pathogenic atypical mycobacterium belonging to Class IV of Runyon classification. It shares epitopes with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which forms the rationale behind its use in leprosy and tuberculosis. MIP activates both innate and acquired immunity. It induces a Th1 and Th17 immune response along with downregulation of Th2 pathway and activates macrophages and dendritic cells. MIP vaccine is safe with adverse effects such as local site erythema, swelling, and rarely fever and other systemic reactions. Apart from leprosy, MIP has been used in dermatological diseases such as warts and psoriasis. Clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of MIP in a plenitude of non-dermatological conditions such as category II tuberculosis, Gram-negative sepsis, non-small cell lung cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and very recently, coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and animal studies have also demonstrated its utility in leishmaniasis, melanoma, and as a vaccine for the prevention of pregnancy. The PubMed database was searched using \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium indicus pranii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , MIP,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium w<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d as the keyword in title. This comprehensive review provides useful information for healthcare professionals about immunotherapeutic potential of MIP vaccine, its composition, dosing schedule, administration, and side effects besides its efficacy in various indications other than leprosy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_360_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T15:03:52Z","timestamp":1698419032000},"page":"753-761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii (MIP) Vaccine: Pharmacology, Indication, Dosing Schedules, Administration, and Side Effects in Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Dogra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sejal","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayush","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Chhabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarun","family":"Narang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education 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