{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:37:39Z","timestamp":1787071059050,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently, vitamin D3 and its analogs have shown therapeutic potential in the treatment of alopecia areata (AA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim and Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety\/efficacy of topical\/intralesional vitamin D3 and its analogs for treatment of mild-to-moderate AA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included clinical trials that evaluated topical\/intralesional vitamin D3 and its analogs for the treatment of AA. Response rates were defined as either achieving a Score 4 (S4) response on the hair regrowth scale (\u226575% regrowth) or reduction in the mean Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall success rate of vitamin D3 and its analogs in the treatment of mild-to-moderate AA is about 53.75%. Both intralesional and topical vitamin D3 (odds ratio = 3.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.24, 8.24] and mean difference (MD) = 2.11; 95% CI: [-1.10, 5.31], respectively) are effective in the treatment of mild-to-moderate AA. Additionally, topical vitamin D3 analogs had a synergistic effect when used in combination with other treatments including topical corticosteroids and NB-UVB (MD = 0.62; 95% CI: [-0.24, 1.48] and MD = 1.34; 95% CI: [0.96, 1.71]), respectively. Intralesional vitamin D3 showed lower efficacy compared to intralesional corticosteroid and topical bimatoprost (MD = -4.73; 95% CI: [-7.38, -2.08]). No serious adverse events were associated with the use of vitamin D3 and its analogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Small number of randomized clinical trials, lack of baseline vitamin D3 levels and co-morbid autoimmune conditions assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin D3 and its analogs may serve as a safe, inexpensive alternative for mild-to-moderate patchy AA, either as a mono-therapeutic agent or as an adjuvant for more severe cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.idoj_958_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T12:00:20Z","timestamp":1755259220000},"page":"10-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vitamin D and its Analogs in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0329-905X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Abdulaziz","family":"Alsaati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jubail General Hospital, Jubail, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feroze","family":"Kaliyadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Sree Naryana Institute of Medical Sciences, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalal","family":"Alsaadoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leena Mohammed","family":"Alzakry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakan Abdullah","family":"Alzabadin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultation Department, Seha Virtual Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turki Hassan","family":"Hakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nouf F. Bin","family":"Rubaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.04.1141","article-title":"Alopecia areata: Disease characteristics, clinical evaluation, and new perspectives on pathogenesis","volume":"78","author":"Strazzulla","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R2-20251229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4617","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14844","article-title":"Intralesional vitamin D3 in treatment of alopecia areata: A randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Rashad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cosmet 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