{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:35:12Z","timestamp":1789144512988,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple sources of medical oxygen, namely liquid medical oxygen (LMO) tanks, pressure swing adsorption (PSA) plants, concentrators, and gaseous cylinders, are available at different healthcare facilities. These sources of oxygen have varying installation and operational costs. In low-resource settings, it is imperative to utilise these assets optimally. This study investigated the operational costs of multiple oxygen sources available at a healthcare facility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A Microsoft (MS) Excel-based model was developed to analyse and compare the oxygen manufacturing costs (in \u20b9\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) using PSA plants and procurement costs (in \u20b9\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) of LMO and third-party vendor-refilled cylinders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The oxygen manufacturing costs for PSA plants of different capacities and running times on electricity and diesel generators (DGs) as a power source were calculated. This study highlights the cost-benefit of using PSA plants over LMO and third-party vendor-refilled cylinders as a source of oxygen. PSA plants are most economical when they are of higher capacity and used to their maximum capacity on electricity as the power source. On the contrary, they are most expensive when used on a DG set as a power source. Furthermore, this study provides evidence of PSA plants being more cost-effective for refilling cylinders using a booster compressor unit when compared to third-party vendor-cylinder refilling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given their cost-effectiveness and low third-party dependence, they should be utilised to their maximum capacity as medical oxygen sources at healthcare facilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.ija_335_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T04:05:10Z","timestamp":1710302710000},"page":"374-379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cost analysis of different medical oxygen sources for a healthcare facility in India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8024-9994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varun","family":"Manhas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Trust, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5585-9480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahipal","family":"Rawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant, Satpura Bhawan, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4024-1258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogesh S.","family":"Kaurav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate Health Services, Satpura Bhawan, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9245-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Revenue Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6754-9602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Dhir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Studies (DMS), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2476-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalyani","family":"Sangineni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bibinagar, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"R4-20240902","first-page":"1","article-title":"A systematic review on medical oxygen ecosystem: Current state and recent advancements","author":"Haque","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"R6-20240902","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comprehensive approach to medical oxygen ecosystem building: An implementation case study in Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Health Sci Pract"},{"key":"R8-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijft.2022.100261","article-title":"Comparative analysis of various oxygen production techniques using multi-criteria decision-making methods","volume":"17","author":"Aljaghoub","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Thermofluids"},{"key":"R9-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147401","article-title":"LCA and economic study on the local oxygen supply in Central Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"786","author":"Ba\u0142ys","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"R10-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heha.2023.100048","article-title":"Economical synthesis of oxygen to combat the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"6","author":"Bhat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hygiene Environ Health Adv"},{"key":"R11-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_1405_20","article-title":"Meeting oxygen requirements of rural India: A self-contained solution","volume":"65","author":"Madaan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"key":"R12-20240902","first-page":"1","article-title":"Storing oxygen or storing energy? A cost-effectiveness model for comparing appropriate medical oxygen supply systems in low-resource health facilities with intermittent power","author":"Bradley","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries, London, UK, IET, September 18-19, 2012"},{"key":"R13-20240902","first-page":"356","article-title":"Options for medical oxygen technology systems in low-resource settings: A framework for comparison. Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, Seatle, WA, USA, IEEE, 2012 October 21-24, 2012","author":"Bradley"},{"key":"R14-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06687-8","article-title":"Cost analysis and critical success factors of the use of oxygen concentrators versus cylinders in sub-divisional hospitals in Fiji","volume":"21","author":"McAllister","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"R15-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2029\/1\/012154","article-title":"Analysis on variation of oxygen loss rate in AIP system","volume":"2029","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys Confer Ser"},{"key":"R16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05657","article-title":"Accuracy of oxygen flow delivered by compressed-gas cylinders in hospital and prehospital emergency care","volume":"63","author":"Duprez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Care"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ija.ija_335_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:27:43Z","timestamp":1787768863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ija.ija_335_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ija.ija_335_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5049","0976-2817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5049","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-26","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}