{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:31:39Z","timestamp":1787758299928,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) is a simple reproducible and non-invasive test for assessing cardiopulmonary function. The maximum oxygen consumption is less than 10 ml\/kg\/min for ISWT distance of less than 250 m. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ISWT in predicting morbidity and mortality in elective colorectal oncosurgery and to find the correlation of ISWT with the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI), Borg dyspnoea score, and peak oxygen uptake (VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      max).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective study involved 46 patients aged more than 60 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II undergoing elective colorectal surgery under general anaesthesia with an epidural block. ISWT was conducted preoperatively and patients were monitored for 30 days postoperatively. For a comparative analysis, patients were divided into two groups: group 1\u2013 who could walk 250 m and group 2 \u2013 could not walk 250m. Categorical data were evaluated using the Chi-square test, while continuous data were evaluated using the Student\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test. The strength of correlation was determined using Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Postoperative complications (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and lengthy stay in hospital and intensive care unit\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">(P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) were experienced by all patients who were unable to complete the ISWT distance of 250 m. ISWT distance of 250 m corresponds to a DASI score of 10.5, which is equivalent to a calculated VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      max of 14.1ml\/kg\/min.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ISWT with a cutoff distance of 250 m is a reliable predictor of postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing colorectal oncosurgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.ija_739_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T02:54:27Z","timestamp":1659668067000},"page":"S250-S256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preoperative incremental shuttle walk test for morbidity and mortality prediction in elective major colorectal surgery"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"C N","family":"Soumya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anaesthesiology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India"},{"name":"Division of Anaesthesiology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anaesthesiology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subha","family":"Ravindran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anaesthesiology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K M","family":"Jagathnath Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X8801600402","article-title":"Experience with the preoperative invasive measurement of haemodynamic, respiratory and renal function in 100 elderly patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery","volume":"16","author":"Older","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"B2-20240902","first-page":"252","article-title":"Oxygen delivery as a factor in the development of fatal postoperative complications after oesophagectomy","volume":"84","author":"Kusano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"B3-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.2.146","article-title":"The shuttle walking test:A reproducible method for evaluating the impact of shortness of breath on functional capacity in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"56","author":"Booth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"B4-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00150314","article-title":"An official European Respiratory Society\/American Thoracic Society technical standard:Field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease","volume":"44","author":"Holland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B5-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90496-7","article-title":"A brief self-administered questionnaire to determine functional capacity (the Duke Activity Status Index)","volume":"64","author":"Hlatky","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B6-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972314527470","article-title":"Estimating endurance shuttle walk test speed using the six-minute walk test in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"11","author":"Wootton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"B7-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.3.213","article-title":"The endurance shuttle walk:A new field test for the assessment of endurance capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"54","author":"Revill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"B8-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.1.34","article-title":"The incremental shuttle walking test in elderly people with chronic airflow limitation","volume":"57","author":"Dyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"B9-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqx063","article-title":"The Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale","volume":"67","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"B10-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2012.07194.x","article-title":"Use of the pre-operative shuttle walk test to predict morbidity and mortality after elective major colorectal surgery","volume":"67","author":"Nutt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"B11-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.47.12.1019","article-title":"Development of a shuttle walking test of disability in patients with chronic airways obstruction","volume":"47","author":"Singh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"B12-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201612-997FR","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing:Basics of methodology and measurements","volume":"14","author":"Mezzani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"B13-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-008-9528-6","article-title":"Risk factors for wound infection after surgery for colorectal cancer","volume":"32","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"B14-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_409_18","article-title":"Cancer relapse in surgical patients who received perioperative transfusion of blood and blood products","volume":"63","author":"Subha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"B15-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2004.07.036","article-title":"Relationship of shuttle walk test and lung cancer surgical outcome","volume":"26","author":"Win","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothoracic Surgery"},{"key":"B16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem305","article-title":"Preoperative shuttle walking testing and outcome after oesophagogastrectomy","volume":"99","author":"Murray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"B17-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07112016","article-title":"Comparison of oxygen uptake during a conventional treadmill test and the shuttle walking test in chronic airflow limitation","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B18-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.165857","article-title":"Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery","volume":"59","author":"Kelkar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"B19-20240902","first-page":"326","article-title":"Postoperative complications are associated with worse survival after laparoscopic surgery for non-metastatic colorectal cancer-interim analysis of 3-year overall survival","volume":"13","author":"Nowakowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne"},{"key":"B20-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972312439317","article-title":"Does body mass index influence the outcomes of a Waking-based pulmonary rehabilitation programme in COPD?","volume":"9","author":"Greening","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"B21-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959259810000286","article-title":"Autonomic dysfunction in older people","volume":"21","author":"Marigold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Clin Gerontol"},{"key":"B22-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.68369","article-title":"Cardio-pulmonary exercise testing:An objective approach to pre-operative assessment to define level of perioperative care","volume":"54","author":"Bhagwat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"B23-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.11.025","article-title":"Integration of the Duke Activity Status Index into preoperative risk evaluation:A multicentre prospective cohort study","volume":"124","author":"Wijeysundera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"B24-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e318074bba7","article-title":"Cancer and Leukemia Group B. preoperative exercise VO2 measurement for lung resection candidates:Results of cancer and Leukemia Group B protocol 9238","volume":"2","author":"Loewen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"B25-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mkl016","article-title":"Assessment of suitability for lung resection","volume":"6","author":"Gould","year":"2006","journal-title":"Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med"},{"key":"B26-20240902","first-page":"2998","article-title":"Comparison of the Duke activity status index and the incremental Shuttle walk test in COPD. Eur Respir J","volume":"38","author":"Wagg","year":"2011"},{"key":"B27-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_533_19","article-title":"Performance in 6-min walk test in prediction of post-operative pulmonary complication in major oncosurgeries:A prospective observational study","volume":"64","author":"Sathyaprasad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"B28-20240902","first-page":"2451","article-title":"Correlation of a modified shuttle walk with six-minute walk test in COPD patients","volume":"52","author":"Gopalakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B29-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-2950\/17008125042018","article-title":"Incremental shuttle walk test performed in a hallway and on a treadmill:Are they interchangeable?","volume":"25","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fisioterapia e Pesquisa"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ija.ija_739_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:08:36Z","timestamp":1787756916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ija.ija_739_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ija.ija_739_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5049","0976-2817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5049","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-2817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-19","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}