{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:40:26Z","timestamp":1787071226980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a frequent and distressing complication following urological procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Melatonin may reduce CRBD. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pre-emptive oral melatonin in reducing CRBD in patients undergoing TURP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Seventy male patients aged 40\u201365 years scheduled for TURP under spinal anaesthesia were enroled in this randomised controlled trial. Group M received oral melatonin 5 mg the night before and the morning of surgery, while Group C received oral vitamin C 5 mg as a placebo. CRBD incidence and severity were assessed at 0, 2, 8, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. Sedation using the Ramsay sedation scale (RSS), patient satisfaction scale (PSS), surgeon satisfaction scale (SSS), and need for rescue analgesia was assessed. Statistical tests were two-tailed with a significance level set at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The incidence of CRBD was significantly reduced at 24 h in Group M as compared to Group C (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001, Absolute risk reduction = 48.57%, Relative risk reduction = 45.1%, Number needed to treat = 2.06). Similarly, the incidences were also reduced at 2, 8, and 12 h (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.005,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004, and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001, respectively). No significant differences in sedation levels, PSS, SSS, and RSS were noted between the groups. The need for paracetamol in the postoperative period was significantly higher in Group C than in Group M (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0006).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Preemptive oral melatonin effectively reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative CRBD in patients undergoing TURP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.ija_753_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T16:00:21Z","timestamp":1763481621000},"page":"1384-1391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pre-emptive role of oral melatonin in prevention of catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgery: A randomised controlled study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1450-072X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A Dinesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1990-2667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amrita","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8590-3393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ujwal","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0185-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Reena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1477-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neelesh","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Anaesthesiology, Agrim Hospital, Varanasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2040108.054","article-title":"Catheter-related bladder discomfort: How can we manage it?","volume":"24","author":"Jang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Neurourol J"},{"key":"R2-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-021-03251-5","article-title":"Different interventions for preventing postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort: A systematic review and 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