{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:28:13Z","timestamp":1787228893777,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Female genital tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary TB that may closely mimic advanced gynecological malignancy because of overlapping clinical, radiological, and biochemical findings. We report the case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with abdominal distension, pelvic pain, weight loss, elevated CA-125 levels, and omental nodularity suggestive of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Imaging revealed an enlarged uterus with an intramural mass and multiple peritoneal deposits, raising strong suspicion for ovarian or primary peritoneal malignancy. Diagnostic laparoscopy demonstrated multiple whitish tubercles involving the omentum, peritoneum, bowel wall, and uterine surface. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy, omentectomy, and peritoneal biopsy specimens revealed caseating granulomatous inflammation with Langhans giant cells involving the myometrium, cervix, omentum, and peritoneum, while the uterine mass was confirmed as leiomyoma. Subsequent microbiological evaluation established the diagnosis of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The patient responded favorably to anti-tubercular therapy. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by genital and peritoneal TB in elderly patients, particularly when accompanied by elevated tumor markers and incidental uterine leiomyoma. Early histopathological confirmation and awareness of this entity are essential to avoid unnecessary radical surgical procedures and ensure timely initiation of appropriate therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:01:05Z","timestamp":1787166065000},"page":"216-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling the Conundrum: Genital Tuberculosis with Omental Tubercles and Uterine Leiomyoma Masquerading as Malignancy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kesha","family":"Rachani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyanendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarang","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050313X231184958","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313X231184958","article-title":"The haunting diagnosis of malignancy in women with treatable reproductive system tuberculosis","volume":"11","author":"Mremi","year":"2023","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med Case Rep"},{"key":"R2-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac543","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac543","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis","volume":"9","author":"Tzelios","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"R3-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8617","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.8617","article-title":"Peritoneal tuberculosis masquerading as an ovarian malignancy in a young female: A case report","volume":"12","author":"Oppong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"R4-20260820","first-page":"e39956","article-title":"Encysted peritoneal tuberculosis masquerading as ovarian tumour: A case report","volume":"15","author":"Jiandani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R5-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-03207-8","article-title":"Histopathologic patterns of female genital tuberculosis with clinical correlation: A 10-year (2013-2022) retrospective cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Melkamu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"R6-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2023.100377","article-title":"Epidemiology and factors associated with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in a low-prevalence area","volume":"32","author":"Rolo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"R7-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502969","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1502969","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis presenting as a protruding anterior vaginal wall mass: A case report","volume":"11","author":"Bicha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"R8-20260820","first-page":"4970836","article-title":"A case report of peritoneal tuberculosis: A challenging diagnosis","volume":"2018","author":"Bulut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Case Rep Infect Dis"},{"key":"R9-20260820","first-page":"e31464","article-title":"Peritoneal tuberculosis mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"14","author":"Abi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R10-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-92613-5","article-title":"Prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and factors influencing successful treatment outcomes among notified cases in South India","volume":"15","author":"VidyaRaj","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Applied &amp; Basic Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:01:11Z","timestamp":1787227271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["2229-516X","2248-9606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2229-516X","type":"print"},{"value":"2248-9606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}