{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:28:36Z","timestamp":1787228916640,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent obesity is increasingly linked to early insulin resistance (IR) and clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities, including impaired glucose regulation, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and liver dysfunction. Identifying at-risk adolescents remains challenging due to physiological variability and a lack of standardized definitions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to identify simple and reliable surrogate markers of IR and associated cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, 182 adolescents aged 10\u201319 years underwent detailed anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical evaluation, including fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). IR was defined as homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) \u22652.5, and associations with demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, dietary, clinical, and metabolic factors were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IR was identified in 62.6% of participants and was more common among obese and pubertal adolescents. Central obesity was present not only in the overweight and obese groups but also in 11.2% of normal-weight adolescents, indicating metabolic risk beyond body mass index (BMI). Measures of central adiposity, particularly waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), showed stronger associations with IR than BMI. IR-positive adolescents demonstrated clustering of metabolic, inflammatory, and hepatic abnormalities, including elevated glucose, insulin, triglycerides, triglyceride: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG: HDL-C) ratio, hs-CRP, uric acid, and ALT, with reduced HDL-C. Acanthosis nigricans, low physical activity, poor sleep, and increased screen time were also more frequent. Metabolic syndrome was present in 13.18% of participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IR and cardiometabolic risk are highly prevalent in adolescents with obesity. WHtR, TG: HDL-C ratio, ALT, hs-CRP, and acanthosis nigricans may serve as practical surrogate markers for identifying adolescents with HOMA-IR-defined IR and supporting early preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_115_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:00:59Z","timestamp":1787166059000},"page":"171-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering and Surrogate Markers of Insulin Resistance in Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Namrata","family":"Chhabra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Genetics, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, Coolidge, Antigua and Barbuda, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Chhabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjit","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, S. 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