{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:19:30Z","timestamp":1787761170832,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context:<\/jats:title>\n \n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n Typhi has developed resistance to different groups of antibiotics.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n \n The purpose of the present study was to assess the distribution of ciprofloxacin- and azithromycin-resistant genes among\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n Typhi isolated from human blood.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh from July 2019\u2013June 2020.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Clinically suspected enteric fever patients, irrespective of age and gender, who attended the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and outpatient department of Medicine of tertiary care hospital. Blood culture and sensitivity tests were done. The positive growth of\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n Typhi was identified by Gram staining, colony morphology, and biochemical test. Then,\n Salmonella Typhi<\/jats:italic>\n was identified by using\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n -specific antisera. Final identification was made by using 16s rRNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR was also done to detect quinolone and azithromycin resistance genes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A total number of 83 samples yielded positive cultures, of which 50 isolated organisms were identified as\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n species; however, among these isolates,\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n Typhi was detected in 40 (48.2%) isolates. Among 12 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, 8 (66.67%) were positive for the gyrA gene, 1 (8.33%) was positive for the\n qnrB<\/jats:italic>\n gene and\n qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n gene, 2 (16.67%) were positive for aac (6\u00b4)-Ib-cr. Among 12 azithromycin-resistant isolates, 2 (16.66%) were positive for\n mphA<\/jats:italic>\n and\n mefA<\/jats:italic>\n genes, respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n In conclusion, the\n gyrA, aac (6\u00b4)-Ib-cr, mphA<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n mefA<\/jats:italic>\n genes are found for the first time in tertiary care hospitals from the quinolones and azithromycin-resistant\n Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n Typhi.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_17_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T01:30:37Z","timestamp":1671586237000},"page":"254-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Distribution of Ciprofloxacin- and Azithromycin-Resistant Genes among Salmonella Typhi Isolated from Human Blood"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nigha Zannat","family":"Dola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Green Life Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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