{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:33:48Z","timestamp":1787070828465,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Glioneuronal tumors are a very rare type of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Due to rarity, even literature is limited. There is inconsistency in literature with respect to prevalence in different age groups, sex predilection, and treatment. Diagnosis of diffuse glioneuronal tumors is based on both radiologic and histopathologic features. Radiologically, they are often large, ill-defined lesions. On immunohistochemistry, the are positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), OLIG2, S100, and synaptophysin and negative for IDH1. Recently, glioneuronal tumors are included in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of CNS neoplasms; however, there are many cases of glioneuronal tumors with distinctive morphologic features that are still not formally included in any classification. Similarly, there is vast disparity between treatments in various literature reports, ranging from surgery to chemoradiation to craniospinal irradiation. Here, we are presenting a case of high-grade diffuse glioneuronal tumor in a 28-year-old male. We have described the radiologic and pathologic features in our case. He was treated with volumetric modulated arc technique (VMAT) radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijc.ijc_58_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T07:00:25Z","timestamp":1763794825000},"page":"428-431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A rare case of high-grade diffuse glioneuronal tumor treated with VMAT radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7554-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujata","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre (BHMRC), New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0197-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irfan","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre (BHMRC), New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5677-1598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roopesh R.","family":"Yotham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre (BHMRC), New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9146-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravindra K.","family":"Saran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Institute, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"FNL47","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl-2020-0003","article-title":"Glioneuronal tumors:Clinicopathological findings and treatment options","volume":"15","author":"Gatto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Neurol"},{"key":"R3-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1545-1","article-title":"The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system:A summary","volume":"131","author":"Louis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"R4-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12797","article-title":"Myxoid glioneuronal tumor, PDGFRA p. K385-mutant:Clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features","volume":"30","author":"Lucas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"R5-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12799","article-title":"An epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumor with mixed morphology harboring FGFR1 mutation","volume":"69","author":"Yamada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"R6-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2017.06.004","article-title":"Unusual high-grade features in pediatric diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor:Comparison with a typical low-grade example","volume":"70","author":"Schwetye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R7-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10014-014-0187-z","article-title":"Primary diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors","volume":"32","author":"Cho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Tumor Pathol"},{"key":"R8-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-1037-x","article-title":"Disseminated oligodendroglial-like leptomeningeal tumor of childhood:A distinctive clinicopathologic entity","volume":"124","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathologica"},{"key":"R9-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329048X14567531","DOI":"10.1177\/2329048X14567531","article-title":"Newly identified characteristics and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal\/neuroepithelial tumors:A case report and review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Lyle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Neurol Open"},{"key":"R10-20251122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3584-x","article-title":"Clinical responses of patients with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors to chemotherapy","volume":"34","author":"Aguilera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijc.ijc_58_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:37:16Z","timestamp":1787067436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijc.ijc_58_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijc.ijc_58_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-509X","1998-4774"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-509X","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4774","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-26","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}