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Generative artificial intelligence (AI) may help, but unstructured use raises concerns about confidentiality, integrity, and automation bias. This viewpoint proposes a human-first, AI-assisted workflow in which reviewers first complete an independent manual review. With editor permission, a constrained AI tool is then used only for checklist-based cross-checking of reporting completeness and internal consistency. Conceptually, this workflow may reduce missed checklist items, improve consistency checks, and support reviewer calibration. Purpose-built, standardized AI tools may offer additional advantages through predefined task boundaries, uniform outputs, and greater control over data retention and disposal. AI-assisted peer review may be acceptable in community medicine and public health journals if journals require permission before use, approved confidentiality-protecting systems, data minimization, disclosure to editors, and full reviewer accountability. The same principles could later be adapted for other disciplines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_174_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:02:37Z","timestamp":1789750957000},"page":"787-791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human-first, AI-assisted Peer Review: A Proposed Workflow for Community Medicine and Public Health Journals"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Urvish","family":"Joshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emj.2015.12.004","article-title":"Peer review motivation frames: A qualitative approach","volume":"34","author":"Zaharie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Manag J"},{"key":"R2-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000089","article-title":"Automation bias: A systematic review of frequency, effect mediators, and mitigators","volume":"19","author":"Goddard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"R3-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-020-00703-8","article-title":"AI-assisted peer review","volume":"8","author":"Checco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Humanit Soc Sci Commun"},{"key":"R4-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010","article-title":"The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"147","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R5-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R6-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"340","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R9-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.1344","article-title":"Nonhuman \u2018authors\u2019 and implications for the integrity of scientific publication and medical knowledge","volume":"329","author":"Flanagin","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R10-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-12-83","article-title":"Does mentoring new peer reviewers improve review quality? 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