{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:43:22Z","timestamp":1786725802796,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women residing in urban slums are disproportionately affected by common mental disorders (CMDs), often due to socioeconomic adversity and limited access to healthcare. In India, mental health among married women in deprived urban settings remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence of probable CMDs and explore psychosocial determinants influencing mental health among married women residing in the urban slums of Uttarakhand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A mixed-methods study was conducted from January to March 2022 among married women aged 18\u201345 years living in the slums of Dehradun and Haridwar districts. Quantitative data were collected using the WHO self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) through a cross-sectional survey (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 250), while qualitative insights were obtained from 15 in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS v25. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of probable CMD was 22%. Somatic symptoms such as poor sleep, being tired all the time, poor digestion, and stomach discomfort were significantly associated with CMD (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.005). Older age (&gt;35 years) and low monthly household income (&lt;\u20b9 10,000) were significant predictors of probable CMD. Qualitative findings highlighted poor living conditions, financial insecurity, and intimate partner violence as major stressors. Emotional support from family and religious coping emerged as key stress mitigators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychosocial distress is prevalent among married slum-dwelling women and is shaped by age, poverty, and gender-based violence. Integration of mental health services into primary care and targeted community interventions is crucial to address CMDs in this vulnerable group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_330_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:04:41Z","timestamp":1778083481000},"page":"S381-S388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neglected Minds in Neglected Spaces: Probable Common Mental Disorders and their Determinants among Married Women in Deprived Urban Communities of Uttarakhand, India: A Mixed-Methods Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sapna","family":"Negi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basavaraj Shankar","family":"Yankannavar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhavna","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilanjan","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260507","first-page":"268","article-title":"Health condition of women living in slums: A cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Rani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Humanit Soc Sci Lett"},{"key":"R4-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.20264","article-title":"Social determinants of mental health of women living in slum: A systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Abdi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"R5-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R6-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640211025556","article-title":"Common mental disorders among women and its social correlates in an urban marginalized populace in South India","volume":"68","author":"Nair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"R7-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP17934","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211030293","article-title":"Domestic coercive control and common mental disorders among women in informal settlements in Mumbai, India: A cross-sectional survey","volume":"37","author":"Kanougiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"R8-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.08.021","article-title":"The psychological toll of slum living in Mumbai, India: A mixed methods study","volume":"119","author":"Subbaraman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R9-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2016.1181137","article-title":"Common mental disorder and its socio-demographic correlates among married women residing in slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India","volume":"57","author":"Panigrahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"R10-20260507","first-page":"13","article-title":"Epidemiological study of mental morbidity in an urban slum community in India for the development of a community mental health programme","volume":"14","author":"Silvanus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nepal Med Coll J"},{"key":"R11-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4103\/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_865_21","article-title":"Epidemiology of common mental disorders: Results from \u201cNational Mental Health Survey\u201d of India, 2016","volume":"64","author":"Jayasankar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R12-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-018-0226-y","article-title":"Outcomes of a brief mental health and resilience pilot intervention for young women in an urban slum in Dehradun, North India: A quasi-experimental study","volume":"12","author":"Mathias","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R13-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S205","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.161479","article-title":"Women and mental health in India: An overview","volume":"57","author":"Malhotra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R14-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-018-0242-y","article-title":"Validation of the WHO self-reporting questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) item in primary health care settings in Eritrea","volume":"12","author":"Netsereab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"key":"R15-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-116","article-title":"Psychometric properties and longitudinal validation of the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) in a Rwandan community setting: A validation study","volume":"11","author":"Scholte","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"R16-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8561","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2015\/1239","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of potential mental health problem in adult women living in urban slums of Hyderabad","volume":"4","author":"Kiran","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Evol Med Dent Sci"},{"key":"R17-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.4103\/ijsp.ijsp_140_20","article-title":"Gender differences in somatic symptoms in patients with depression: A comparative study at tertiary care center in North India","volume":"38","author":"Meena","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Soc Psychiatry"},{"key":"R18-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-017-0129-3","article-title":"Maternal common mental disorders and associated factors: A cross-sectional study in an urban slum area of Dhaka, Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Syst"},{"key":"R19-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5195","article-title":"Prevalence, associated risk factors of depression and mental health needs among geriatric population of an urban slum, Cuttack, Odisha","volume":"34","author":"Ashe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"R20-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-14-22","article-title":"A qualitative study of factors affecting mental health amongst low-income working mothers in Bangalore, India","volume":"14","author":"Travasso","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"R21-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60522-X","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and women\u2019s physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women\u2019s health and domestic violence: An observational study","volume":"371","author":"Ellsberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Community Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_330_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:25:57Z","timestamp":1786724757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_330_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_330_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0218","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3581","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-05","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}