{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:00:20Z","timestamp":1789999220086,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Family Adoption Program (FAP), introduced under India\u2019s Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) framework, aims to promote early community engagement, empathy, and contextual understanding among medical students. This study explored multi-stakeholder perspectives on FAP implementation in a newly established rural medical college in Odisha.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A qualitative exploratory study was conducted using focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and in-depth interviews (IDIs) among first-year MBBS students (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20), faculty (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8), community health workers (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2), and community households (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10). Data were collected using semi-structured guides, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke\u2019s thematic analysis approach with inductive coding and triangulation across stakeholder groups. Analytical approach: Manual coding and thematic analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five core themes emerged: emotional connection and trust, role expectations and identity confusion, communication and cultural barriers, learning and transformation through exposure, and program facilitation and orientation. Strong concordance across stakeholders highlighted rapid rapport-building and experiential learning, facilitated by frontline health workers. However, discordance was evident in role expectations, with communities often anticipating curative services, and in program facilitation, where gaps in orientation and preparedness were noted. Communication challenges extended beyond language to sociocultural and structural factors influencing engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FAP is an effective platform for early experiential learning and social accountability in rural settings. However, its implementation is shaped by context-specific challenges, including role misinterpretation and facilitation gaps. Strengthening community sensitization, continuous mentorship, and systematic integration of frontline health workers as community partners may enhance the social accountability and effectiveness of FAP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_65_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:02:44Z","timestamp":1789750964000},"page":"871-878","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stakeholder Perspectives on the Family Adoption Program in a Newly Established Rural Medical College, Odisha: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"D Shobha","family":"Malini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati Medical College and Hospital, Brahmapur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sithal","family":"Dalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Swami Laxmanananda Saraswati Government Medical College and Hospital, Phulbani, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shrabani","family":"Palai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Maharaja Jajati Keshari Medical College and Hospital, Jajpur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradyuspita","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shri Jagannath Medical College and Hospital, Puri, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitaram","family":"Mahapatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean and Principal, Maharaja Jajati Keshari Medical College and Hospital, Jajpur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R7-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"key":"R8-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.25259\/NMJI_256_2024","article-title":"Implementation of Family Adoption Program (FAP) in medical colleges of India: A snapshot","volume":"37","author":"Shah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"R9-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_760_24","article-title":"Family Adoption Program \u2013 A Comprehensive Grassroots Approach to Nurturing Future Physicians","volume":"50","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R10-20260921","first-page":"16","article-title":"Perception and Impact of the Family Adoption Program (FAP) Among Indian Medical Students: Benefits and Challenges","author":"Ganganahalli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R11-20260921","first-page":"e63586","article-title":"Perceptions of Stakeholders and the Way Forward to Implementing the Family Adoption Programme in Medical Education: A Study From Assam, India","volume":"16","author":"Baruah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R12-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4103\/JIMPH.JIMPH_18_23","article-title":"Family adoption program in medical education and role of community medicine in its implementation in India: An overview","volume":"2","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Integr Med Public Health"},{"key":"R13-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-021-01406-5","article-title":"Understanding the roles of community health workers in improving perinatal health equity in rural Uttar Pradesh, India: A qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Blanchard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"R14-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_58_23","article-title":"Qualitative Study to Identify Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Challenges of Family Adoption Programs among Students","volume":"49","author":"Reshmi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R15-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4103\/ijabmr.ijabmr_268_24","article-title":"Challenges in Implementing Competency-based Medical Education in India \u2013 Stakeholders\u2019 Perspective: A Mixed-method Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Sulena","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Appl Basic Med Res"},{"key":"R16-20260921","first-page":"102","article-title":"Family Adoption Program Implementation For Undergraduate Medical Students At A Government Medical College Of Gujarat: An Experience And SWOT Analysis","volume":"23","author":"Paras","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroquantology"},{"key":"R17-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2185\/jrm.2950","article-title":"What do medical residents learn on a rural Japanese island?","volume":"13","author":"Ohta","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Rural Med"},{"key":"R18-20260921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v5i1.474","article-title":"Benefits of community-based education to the community in south african health science facilities","volume":"5","author":"Diab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Community 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