{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:41:57Z","timestamp":1787071317000,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intestinal communicable diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, nausea, vomiting, cholera, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, botulism, gastroenteritis, etc., are caused by different microbes. Intestinal microbial ecology is the most mysterious and complex environment for microbes. Bacteriophages are the dominant viruses in the intestinal microbiota. It is well established that gut microbial composition directly affects human health. Microbes use the gastrointestinal tract as niches there some factors or theories exist such as dietary, quorum sensing, and biosignaling, including biomass and biofilm production. Whereas if some microbial disbalance happens due to the effect of antibiotics or different toxin production or uninterrupted and unexpected factors dysbiosis occurs. The outcome of dysbiosis is different communicable diseases in the intestine. Alteration in microbiota can make crucial improvements in the microbiota environment and to the body\u2019s health. After reviewing evidence authors are of the opinion that two natural microbial phenomena that may be utilized as a hypothetical approach to prevent communicable diseases in the intestine, i.e., microbes-microbes competition strategy and introduction of bacteriophage to kill the target bacteria in the gut.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_78_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T18:00:15Z","timestamp":1774548015000},"page":"447-451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment of two Hypotheses for Gut Bacterial Alteration Process for Minimizing the Intestinal Communicable Diseases"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Vinay","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, 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