{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:32:33Z","timestamp":1786649553827,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>India is a vast and diverse country with existing variations in the frequency and distribution of cancers across its various parts. In regions lacking population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) in a vast country like India, hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) data become an important source of information on the trends and patterns of a region. To determine the numerical trends of cases of the top ten cancer sites reporting to HBCR of a tertiary care cancer center in Bihar from 2014 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The details of all histopathologically confirmed cancer cases registered in the HBCR department of radiation oncology, State Cancer Institute, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India between January 2014 and December 2021 were included in this retrospective observational study. All these cases were grouped site-wise and listed in descending order of the total number of cases reported in each group. Cross-tabulation with age and sex distribution was done. The frequency distribution of the top ten leading cancers for every consecutive calendar year was plotted in line diagrams for time trend analysis. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). was used for analysis. Annual percent change (APC) was determined for the number of cases of all ten cancer sites using joinpoint regression analysis (Joinpoint Regression Software, Version 4.0.4\u2014May 2013; Statistical Methodology and Applications Branch, Surveillance Research Program of the US National Cancer Institute; Bethesda, MD, USA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 32,057 total cancer cases registered between Jan 2014 and Dec 2021, 21,848 patients (68.2%) cases constituted the top ten cancers. The top ten cancers among both sexes were cancer gallbladder (n = 4204, 13.1%), head and neck (n = 3395, 10.6%), breast (n = 3392, 10.6%), lung (n = 2069, 6.5%), cervix (n = 2039, 6.4%), hematolymphoid (n = 1930, 6.0%), liver (n = 1572, 4.9%), stomach (n = 1116, 3.5%), ovary (n = 1103, 3.4%), and colon-rectum (n = 1028, 3.2%). Except for cervical and hematolymphoid cancers, the rest all showed a rising trend over consecutive years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer of the gallbladder continues to be among the most common cancers in the region. Focused research in all aspects of this deadly disease is needed. Strengthening of prevention and screening programs for common cancers and upliftment of the existing infrastructure for diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the region are necessitated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_796_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T08:49:09Z","timestamp":1719218949000},"page":"707-712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Trends and Patterns of Top Ten Common Cancers in Eastern India from 2014 to 2021: A Retrospective Hospital-based Cancer Registry Data Update"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Shraddha","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh K.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Madhawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Devi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunal","family":"Kishor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistician, Hospital Based Cancer Registry, State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260427","article-title":"India fact-sheets Globocan 2020"},{"key":"R2-20260427","article-title":"Report of National Cancer Registry Programme (ICMR-NCDIR), Bengaluru, India","year":"2020"},{"key":"R3-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.20.00122","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India","volume":"6","author":"Mathur","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"key":"R4-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30447-9","article-title":"The burden of cancers and their variations across the states of India: The global burden of disease study 1990\u20132016","volume":"19","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R5-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3733","article-title":"Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis","volume":"28","author":"Clegg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"R6-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.4103\/sajc.sajc_321_18","article-title":"Cancer trends in Eastern India: Retrospective hospital-based cancer registry data analysis","volume":"8","author":"Pandey","year":"2019","journal-title":"South Asian J Cancer"},{"key":"R7-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604047","article-title":"Gallstones and the risk of biliary tract cancer: A population-based study in China","volume":"97","author":"Hsing","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R8-20260427","first-page":"1621","article-title":"Mustard oil consumption, cooking method, diet and gallbladder cancer risk in high- and low-risk regions of India. Int. J","volume":"147","author":"Mhatre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R9-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4103\/sajc.sajc_37_18","article-title":"Geographical pattern of carcinoma gallbladder in Bihar and its association with river Ganges and arsenic levels: Retrospective individual consecutive patient data from Regional Cancer Centre","volume":"7","author":"Madhawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"South Asian J Cancer"},{"key":"R10-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-7802.153860","article-title":"Trend and pattern of various types of cancer with special reference to gall bladder cancer in north Bengal medical college, West Bengal, India: A 3 years record based study","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R11-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.21037\/cco.2019.08.03","article-title":"Epidemiology of gallbladder cancer in India","volume":"8","author":"Dutta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R12-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27777","article-title":"Risk factors for gallbladder cancer: A case-control study","volume":"132","author":"Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R13-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30167-5","article-title":"Common genetic variation and risk of gallbladder cancer in India: A case- control genome- wide association study","volume":"18","author":"Mhatre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R14-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2017.06.005","article-title":"Imaging and screening of cancer of the gallbladder and bile ducts","volume":"55","author":"Sandrasegaran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"R15-20260427","first-page":"147","article-title":"Cholecystectomy for asymptomatic gallstones can reduce gall bladder cancer mortality in northern Indian women","volume":"25","author":"Mohandas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R16-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-015-0418-8","article-title":"Need for prophylactic cholecystectomy in silent gall stones in North India","volume":"6","author":"Mathur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R17-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740601","article-title":"A study of head and neck cancer patients with reference to tobacco use, gender, and subsite distribution","volume":"11","author":"Chauhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"South Asian J Cancer"},{"key":"R18-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmpo.ijmpo_56_19","article-title":"Smoking pattern among rural Indian cancer patients: A prospective survey","volume":"41","author":"Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"key":"R19-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4103\/sajc.sajc_40_19","article-title":"Oral smokeless tobacco consumption pattern among rural Indian cancer patients: A prospective survey","volume":"9","author":"Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"South Asian J Cancer"},{"key":"R20-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.190357","article-title":"Tobacco-related cancers in India: A review of incidence reported from population-based cancer registries","volume":"37","author":"Asthana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"key":"R21-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2021.101982","article-title":"Trends in breast and cervical cancer in India under National Cancer Registry Programme: An age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"74","author":"Sathishkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"R22-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.301","article-title":"Trends in breast, ovarian and cervical cancer incidence in Mumbai, India over a 30-year period, 1976\u20132005: An age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"105","author":"Dhillon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R23-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s40944-021-00602-z","article-title":"Cervical Cancer: Formulation and Implementation of Govt of India Guidelines for Screening and Management","volume":"20","author":"Mehrotra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"R24-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1906_16","article-title":"Human papillomavirus vaccine for cancer cervix prevention: Rationale & recommendations for implementation in India","volume":"146","author":"Kaur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R25-20260427","article-title":"Operational guidelines on prevention, screening and control of common cancers, Diabetes and Hypertyension"},{"key":"R26-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i5574","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5574","article-title":"India launches plan for national cancer screening programme","volume":"355","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R27-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44551","DOI":"10.4103\/crst.crst_189_22","article-title":"Clinical and demographic profile of lower gastrointestinal malignancies: A retrospective observational study from Eastern India","volume":"5","author":"Raj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res Stat Treat"},{"key":"R28-20260427","article-title":"Epidemiological trends of Colorectal Cancer cases in young population of eastern India: A retrospective observational study","author":"Raj","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Can Res Ther"},{"key":"R29-20260427","article-title":"Cancer Registration: Principles and Methods","author":"OM\u00f8ller","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Agency for Research on Cancer"},{"key":"R30-20260427","first-page":"671","article-title":"Burden of cancer and projections for 2016, Indian scenario: Gaps in the availability of radiotherapy treatment facilities","volume":"9","author":"Murthy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"R31-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2016.11.007","article-title":"Radiation oncology in India: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"27","author":"Grover","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Community Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_796_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:55:20Z","timestamp":1786647320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_796_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_796_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0218","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3581","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-27","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}