{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:32:03Z","timestamp":1787841123060,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The WHO defines LBW as \u201cBirth weight less than 2500 grams\u201d regardless of gestational age. Being born with a low birth weight also incurs enormous economic costs, including higher medical expenditures and social service expenses, and decreased productivity in adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study distribution of newborns\u2019 according to pregnancy related factors and its association with newborns\u2019 birth weight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An institutional based cross-sectional study. New-borns delivered at study institute were considered as study participants. Estimated final sample size was 500. Guardians (mothers) were face-to-face interviewed and also recorded data were collected from the case file and Mother and Child Protection Card.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence of LBW newborns was higher in mothers with late ANC registration, &lt;4 ANC visits, chronic medical conditions, infection during pregnancy, PIH, anemia, consuming tobacco, exposure to second hand smoke, LSCS\/Assisted delivery, in female newborns\u2019, current pregnancy birth order number more than 2, in pre term newborns\u2019 and mothers with bad obstetric history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Create awareness and adoption of suitable family planning methods. Need to do early (within 12 weeks) ANC registration with minimum four ANC visits for better pregnancy outcome. Effective tracking and suitable intervention provided to improve current pregnancy outcome. Health care professional should pay special attention to high-risk pregnancy. Develop social culture in such a way that females are neither addicted nor exposed to any tobacco containing products in their life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_895_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T04:00:46Z","timestamp":1709870446000},"page":"354-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pregnancy-related Factors Responsible for Delivering Low Birth Weight Babies: An Institutional-based Cross-sectional Study, Jamnagar, Gujarat"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Harsh K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitesh P.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bela A.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohitkumar","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipesh V.","family":"Parmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260330","volume":"2","year":"1993","journal-title":"International classification of diseases;tenth revision"},{"key":"R2-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1983.11748280","article-title":"Perinatal mortality: Report of a hospital-based study","volume":"3","author":"Ghosh","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"R4-20260330","year":"2019","journal-title":"UNICEF-WHO Low birthweight estimates: Levels and trends 2000\u20132015"},{"key":"R5-20260330","first-page":"e36717","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of low birth weight in India: Findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey (2019-21)","volume":"15","author":"Girotra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R6-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61461-4","article-title":"Causes of neonatal and child mortality in India: A nationally representative mortality survey","volume":"376","author":"Bassani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R7-20260330","first-page":"1","article-title":"The risk of low birth weight and associated factors in West Bengal, India: A community based cross-sectional study","volume":"68","author":"Pal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Egypt Pediatr Assoc Gaz"},{"key":"R9-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40040","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040040","article-title":"Factors affecting birth weight of a newborn \u2013A community based study in Rural Karnataka, India","volume":"7","author":"Metgud","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R10-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.18356\/68e88093-en","article-title":"Antenatal care, care seeking and Morbidity in rural Karnataka, India: Results of a prospective study","volume":"16","author":"Matthews","year":"2001","journal-title":"Asia-Specific Popul J"},{"key":"R11-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4103\/1947-2714.136902","article-title":"Socio-economic and nutritional determinants of low birth weight in India","volume":"6","author":"Kader","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"R12-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0250140","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250140","article-title":"Correction: Maternal determinants of low birth weight among Indian children: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4, 2015-16","volume":"16","author":"Zaveri","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R14-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.36837","article-title":"A high prevalence of caesarean section rate in East Delhi","volume":"32","author":"Bhasin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R15-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38113.687882.EB","article-title":"Smokeless tobacco use, birth weight, and gestational age: Population based, prospective cohort study of 1217 women in Mumbai, India","volume":"328","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R16-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_269_17","article-title":"Tobacco use, exposure to second-hand smoke among pregnant women and their association with birth weight: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R17-20260330","first-page":"106","article-title":"High caesarean rates in Madras (India): A population-based cross sectional study","volume":"110","author":"Sreevidya","year":"2003","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R18-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20181493","article-title":"Socio-demographic factors associated with low birth weight in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha","volume":"5","author":"Bhue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health"},{"key":"R19-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.9790\/0853-0443339","article-title":"Socio-biological determinants of low birth weight: A community based study from rural field practice area of medical college, Kolkata, West Bengal (India)","volume":"4","author":"Manna","year":"2013","journal-title":"IOSR J Dent Med Sci (IOSR-JDMS)"},{"key":"R20-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.180564","article-title":"Assessment of maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight neonates at a tertiary hospital, Nanded, Maharashtra","volume":"57","author":"Domple","year":"2016","journal-title":"Niger Med J"},{"key":"R22-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20202599","article-title":"Determinants of low birth weight babies born in a secondary and tertiary level government hospital in Delhi: A matched case control study","volume":"7","author":"Jayaraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health"},{"key":"R23-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.34108","article-title":"Maternal health and low birth weight among institutional deliveries","volume":"25","author":"Idris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R24-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_114_18","article-title":"Role of social support and spouse abuse in low birth weight: A case-control study from Puducherry, India","volume":"44","author":"Marimuthu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R25-20260330","first-page":"394","article-title":"Maternal risk factors for low-birth-weight neonates: A hospital based case-control study in rural area of Western Maharashtra, India","volume":"2","author":"Deshpande","year":"2011","journal-title":"Natl J Community Med"},{"key":"R26-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_464_20","article-title":"Second hand smoke exposure during pregnancy and its effect on birth outcomes: Evidence from a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru","volume":"46","author":"Prince","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R27-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_112_16","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of low birth weight in the Southeast of Iran","volume":"8","author":"Momeni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R28-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4236\/ojpm.2014.43013","article-title":"Determinant of low birth weight infants: A matched case control study","volume":"4","author":"Sutan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open J Prev Med"},{"key":"R30-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/21.2.263","article-title":"Risk factors for pre-term and term low birth weight in Ahmedabad, India","volume":"21","author":"Malvanker","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R31-20260330","first-page":"405","article-title":"Factors associated with low birth weight in Tunisian Sahel","volume":"48","author":"Soltani","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Fr Pediatr"},{"key":"R32-20260330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1994.tb00448.x","article-title":"Past obstetric history of the mother and its association with low birthweight of a subsequent child: A population based study","volume":"8","author":"Lekea-Karanika","year":"1994","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Community Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_895_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:43:58Z","timestamp":1787838238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_895_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_895_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0218","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3581","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-03","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}