{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:32:07Z","timestamp":1791304327099,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitiligo is a multifactorial disorder, most often explained by the autoimmune hypothesis. The objective of this study is to measure the levels of cytokines IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IFN-\u03b3 in the blood and skin (lesional and uninvolved) of vitiligo patients and to compare it with that of age-matched controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma cytokines were measured with a BioRad 6110 ELISA reader. We compared the levels of these cytokines in generalized versus localized vitiligo and stable versus unstable vitiligo. We also correlated cytokine levels in blood\/lesion\/uninvolved skin with body surface area (BSA) involvement and Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA) scoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-three participants, each with vitiligo and control, were analyzed. The values of TNF-\u03b1 and IL 6 in sera were significantly higher in the vitiligo group compared with the controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), whereas INF-\u03b3 was significantly lower in the vitiligo group than the control group. TNF-\u03b1, INF-\u03b3 levels when compared between blood, lesional skin, and normal skin in all vitiligo patients were found to be significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude vitiligo is strongly associated with increased levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IL 6.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_27_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T01:44:33Z","timestamp":1715737473000},"page":"67-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Cross-Sectional Study of the Levels of Cytokines IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IFN-\u03b3 in Blood and Skin (Lesional and Uninvolved) of Vitiligo Patients and their Possible Role as Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"De","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidhi","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amrita","family":"Sil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aarti","family":"Sarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abu Hena","family":"Hasanoor Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-10-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00023.x","article-title":"Evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis of 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