{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:31:12Z","timestamp":1787772672646,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Psoriatic arthritis (PsA), an inflammatory seronegative spondyloarthropathy is the most common co-morbidity of psoriasis (PsO), in almost 30% of cases. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of PsA may result in irreversible joint damage, significant morbidity, impaired quality of life, and several cardiometabolic and cerebrovascular co-morbidities. Dermatologists are uniquely privileged to be able to diagnose latent PsA at an early stage, as almost 80% of these patients present with pre-existing cutaneous PsO. This review provides a detailed overview of PsA along with its salient clinical features, classification criteria, screening tools, simple physical examination maneuvers, imaging findings, and therapeutic options to acquaint dermatologists and other clinicians with this morbid musculoskeletal disorder. We hope to generate awareness about this condition among dermatologists to enable proactive screening of all PsO patients for early diagnosis, initiation of appropriate treatment, and prompt referral to a rheumatologist; thus, helping to arrest PsA disease progression, irreversible joint damage, and subsequent permanent disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_571_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T12:13:57Z","timestamp":1716984837000},"page":"381-386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Psoriatic Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Debatri","family":"Datta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indrashis","family":"Podder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"De","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudip","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.07.006","article-title":"Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Clinical features and disease mechanisms","volume":"24","author":"Myers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R2-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.07.064","article-title":"Psoriasis and comorbid diseases: Epidemiology","volume":"76","author":"Takeshita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am AcadDermatol"},{"key":"R3-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804595","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"361","author":"Nestle","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12748","article-title":"Diagnosing and treating psoriatic arthritis: An update","volume":"170","author":"Boehncke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R6-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.05.001","article-title":"Prevalence of undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis among psoriasis patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Villani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am AcadDermatol"},{"key":"R7-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204858","article-title":"Diagnostic delay of more than 6 months contributes to poor radiographic and functional outcome in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"74","author":"Haroon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R8-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.12.001","article-title":"Geoepidemiology and environmental factors of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Chandran","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"R9-11-20240829","first-page":"28","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis sine psoriasis","volume":"83","author":"Olivieri","year":"2009","journal-title":"J RheumatolSuppl"},{"key":"R10-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii26","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.031740","article-title":"Immunopathology of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"64","author":"Veale","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R11-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024515517623","article-title":"Angiogenesis in psoriasis","volume":"5","author":"Creamer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"R12-11-20240829","first-page":"260","article-title":"Angiopoietins, growth factors, and vascular morphology in early arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Fearon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R13-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020530","article-title":"Role of the IL-23\/IL-17 Axis in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: The clinical importance of its divergence in skin and joints","volume":"19","author":"Boutet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R14-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.05.089","article-title":"Axial psoriatic arthritis: An update for dermatologists","volume":"84","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am AcadDermatol"},{"key":"R15-11-20240829","first-page":"17","article-title":"Is there a psoriasis skin phenotype associated with psoriatic arthritis? Systematic literature review","volume":"28","author":"Rouzaud","year":"2014","journal-title":"J EurAcadDermatolVenereol"},{"key":"R16-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.073932","article-title":"Environmental risk factors for the development of psoriatic arthritis: Results from a case-control study","volume":"67","author":"Pattison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R17-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20496","article-title":"Association between environmental factors and onset of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis","volume":"63","author":"Eder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"R18-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1605142","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis for dermatologists","volume":"31","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"R19-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2018.04.011","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis and the dermatologist: An approach to screening and clinical evaluation","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R20-11-20240829","first-page":"515","article-title":"Consensus on the management of patients with psoriatic arthritis in a dermatology setting","volume":"32","author":"Gisondi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J EurAcadDermatolVenereol"},{"key":"R21-11-20240829","first-page":"ii14","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis: Epidemiology, clinical features, course, and outcome","volume":"64","author":"Gladman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R22-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(73)90035-8","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis","volume":"3","author":"Moll","year":"1973","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R23-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/33.2.133","article-title":"Classification of clinical subsets in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Veale","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R24-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21972","article-title":"Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis: Development of new criteria from a large international study","volume":"54","author":"Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R25-11-20240829","first-page":"294","article-title":"The STRIPP questionnaire (Screening Tool for Rheumatologic Investigation in Psoriatic Patients) as a new tool for the diagnosis of early psoriatic arthritis","volume":"155","author":"Burlando","year":"2020","journal-title":"G ItalDermatol E Venereol"},{"key":"R26-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20577","article-title":"Measures of psoriatic arthritis: Tender and Swollen Joint Assessment, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI), Modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (mNAPSI), Mander\/Newcastle Enthesitis Index (MEI), Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI), Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesis Score (MASES), Leeds Dactylitis Index (LDI), Patient Global for Psoriatic Arthritis, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life (PsAQOL), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), Psoriatic Arthritis Response Criteria (PsARC), Psoriatic Arthritis Joint Activity Index (PsAJAI), Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), and Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI)","volume":"63","author":"Mease","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"R27-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez215","article-title":"Comparison of disease activity measures in early psoriatic arthritis in usual care","volume":"58","author":"Wervers","year":"2019","journal-title":"RheumatolOxfEngl"},{"key":"R28-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380602","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology. Preliminary definition of improvement in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Felson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R29-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23568","article-title":"Measuring clinical enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis: Assessment of existing measures and development of an instrument specific to psoriatic arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Healy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R30-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.2.127","article-title":"Assessment of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"62","author":"Heuft-Dorenbosch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R31-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084244","article-title":"Development and validation of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) Enthesitis Index","volume":"68","author":"Maksymowych","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R32-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2016.08.012","article-title":"Imaging in the diagnosis and management of peripheral psoriatic arthritis\u2014The clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography","volume":"30","author":"\u00d8stergaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Best Pract Res ClinRheumatol"},{"key":"R33-11-20240829","first-page":"1847","article-title":"Ultrasound in psoriatic arthritis? Can it facilitate a best routine practice in the diagnosis and management of psoriatic arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2015","journal-title":"ClinRheumatol"},{"key":"R34-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551684","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.551684","article-title":"Recent advances in imaging for diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of psoriatic arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Fassio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"R36-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202812","article-title":"Weight loss and achievement of minimal disease activity in patients with psoriatic arthritis starting treatment with tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 blockers","volume":"73","author":"Di Minno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R37-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii74","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.030783","article-title":"Psoriatic arthritis therapy: NSAIDs and traditional DMARDs","volume":"64","author":"Nash","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R38-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39573","article-title":"Group for research and assessment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis 2015 treatment recommendations for psoriatic arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Coates","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"R39-11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40726","article-title":"2018 American College of Rheumatology\/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_571_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:08:22Z","timestamp":1787771302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_571_22"}},"subtitle":["A Comprehensive Update for Dermatologists with Review of Literature"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_571_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5154"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5154","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}