{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:24:06Z","timestamp":1787772246222,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are some of the less common cutaneous adverse drug reactions with significant mortality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n This study was undertaken with the objective of studying the demographics and clinical profile of SJS\/TEN and identifying parameters associated with mortality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n All patients with SJS\/TEN over 10 years (2010\u20132020) were included in the study. Data obtained from in-patient and out-patient records were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 82 patients with SJS\/TEN were admitted to our centre over a period of 10 years. Patients with SJS were significantly younger than those with TEN, with a male: female ratio >1 in SJS and <1 in TEN. The most commonly implicated drugs were antiepileptics (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 29, 35.4%), antibiotics (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 20, 24.4%). and Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 7, 8.5%). The mortality rate in the TEN group was 16% (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 8). Certain factors such as cutaneous lesions preceding mucosal lesions at onset, high mean Body surface area (BSA) of denudation and a transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) more than 7 days after admission were significantly associated with higher mortality. There was no difference between survivors and deaths in terms of delay in hospitalisation, total disease duration, implicated drug, delay in initiation of therapy, the onset of re-epithelialisation, Severity-of-illness score for TEN (SCORTEN) and total duration of hospital stay.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Factors significantly associated with increased mortality in TEN were cutaneous onset of lesions, mean BSA of involvement and transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) beyond day 7 of admission.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_726_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T01:44:33Z","timestamp":1715737473000},"page":"34-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Stevens\u2013Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Sowmya","family":"Kaimal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Augustine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.09.029","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis: Review of pathogenesis and management","volume":"66","author":"Downey","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R2-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-3698.272155","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis spectrum for the rheumatologist","volume":"14","author":"Parida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R3-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.01.031","article-title":"The epidemiology of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysisin the UK","volume":"137","author":"Frey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"R4-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1993.01680220104023","article-title":"Clinical classification of cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme","volume":"129","author":"Bastuji-Garin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"R5-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15287","article-title":"Differences between Stevens-Johnson syndrome versus toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"60","author":"Nowsheen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"R6-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1991.01680050083008","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: An epidemiologic study from West Germany","volume":"127","author":"Sch\u00f6pf","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"R7-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701033","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: Assessment of medication risks with emphasis on recently marketed drugs. The EuroSCAR-study","volume":"128","author":"Mockenhaupt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"R8-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.110749","article-title":"A systematic review of the drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Indian population","volume":"79","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"R9-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.41369","article-title":"Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and SJS-TEN overlap: A retrospective study of causative drugs and clinical outcome","volume":"74","author":"Sharma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"R10-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.77546","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis over a period of 10 years","volume":"56","author":"Sanmarkan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"R11-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_437_20","article-title":"Factors predicting the outcome of Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A 5-Year retrospective study","volume":"12","author":"Thakur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"R12-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7132","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome after armodafinil use","volume":"14","author":"Holfinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"R13-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.5668","article-title":"Systemic immunomodulating therapies for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"R14-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iio.0000177430.89645.6d","article-title":"Controversy in the use of high-dose systemic steroids in the acute care of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Hynes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"R15-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10965.x","article-title":"The efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R16-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.11.66","article-title":"The current understanding of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"7","author":"Mockenhaupt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"R17-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.510","article-title":"Comprehensive survival analysis of a cohort of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"133","author":"Sekula","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"R18-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3937","article-title":"Incidence, causative factors and mortality rates of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in northern Italy: Data from the REACT registry: Incidence of SJS and TEN in northern Italy","volume":"25","author":"Diphoorn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"R19-5-20240829","first-page":"247","article-title":"Trends in mortality rates for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: Experience of a single centre in France between 1997 and 2017","volume":"182","author":"Bettuzzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"R20-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.38405","article-title":"SCORTEN: Does it need modification?","volume":"74","author":"Vaishampayan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"R21-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.06.026","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis as a syndrome distinct from Stevens-Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme: a systematic review","volume":"72","author":"Canavan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R22-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04143.x","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome at the Prague Burn Centre 1998-2008","volume":"26","author":"Zajicek","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"R23-5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-200203000-00004","article-title":"A multicenterreview of toxic epidermal necrolysis treated in U.S. burn centers at the end of the twentieth century","volume":"23","author":"Palmieri","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_726_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:34:08Z","timestamp":1787769248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_726_22"}},"subtitle":["A Fresh Look at an Old Foe"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijd.ijd_726_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5154"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5154","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}}}