{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T03:18:18Z","timestamp":1794539898399,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is defined as the alopecia induced by androgens in genetically predisposed individuals. AGA results in progressive miniaturization of the hair follicles leading to vellus transformation of terminal hair. The high prevalence and wide range of expressed phenotypes in AGA is a result of a polygenic inheritance mode. The androgen receptor (AR) gene located on the X chromosome at Xq11-12 is the first gene to show genetic association with AGA. Newer genetic associations with AGA are under study. In early-onset AGA, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancers and coronary artery disease (CAD) are associated with AGA. Screening of early-onset AGA patients and intervention for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance can prevent the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at an early stage. As effective treatments continue to be topical minoxidil, systemic finasteride and hair transplantations, newer modalities are under investigation. Understanding the genetic factors involved in AGA and continued research into newer therapies, such as cell-based therapies, will lead to effective treatment and improve the quality of life in patients with AGA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_729_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T13:07:20Z","timestamp":1719925640000},"page":"282-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Androgenetic Alopecia in Men: An Update On Genetics"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Ilakkia Priya","family":"Sadasivam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravikumar","family":"Sambandam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damayandhi","family":"Kaliyaperumal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jude Ernest","family":"Dileep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1159\/000530681","article-title":"Cellular Senescence:Ageing and Androgenetic Alopecia","volume":"239","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"R3-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01920.x","article-title":"Male pattern androgenetic alopecia in an Indian context:a perspective study","volume":"21","author":"Sehgal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV"},{"key":"R4-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1280-y","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia:A review","volume":"57","author":"Lolli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"R5-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399402005112","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia:pathogenesis and potential for therapy","volume":"4","author":"Ellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"R6-20240829","first-page":"32","article-title":"Pilot study:genetic distribution of AR, FGF5, SULT1A1 and CYP3A5 polymorphisms in male Mexican population with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"13","author":"Martinez-Chapoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet"},{"key":"R7-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_128_20","article-title":"Serum paroxonase 1 level may be an indicator and predictor of the severity of androgenetic alopecia","volume":"13","author":"Tantawy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"key":"R8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.120638","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia and risk of coronary artery disease","volume":"4","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"R9-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_650_17","article-title":"Association of Androgenetic Alopecia with Metabolic Syndrome:A Case-control Study on 100 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India","volume":"22","author":"Dharam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R10-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.10.018","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia and cardiovascular risk factors in men and women:a comparative study","volume":"63","author":"Arias-Santiago","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R11-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.b0045","article-title":"Association of insulin resistance linked diseases and hair loss in elderly men. 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