{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:01:26Z","timestamp":1792501286799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To determine the prevalence of the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries using pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, and abscess (PUFA) index in 3-to 6-year-old children.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The sample of the study population consisted of 113 selected children who live in a low-income district of Per\u00fa. Dental Caries status was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and the PUFA index was used to assess the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries. The normality test was applied to the numerical variables, and no normal distribution was found. Therefore, the Mann\u2013Whitney U test and Kruskal\u2013Wallis test were used to determine the association between the PUFA index and the sex and age of the children. A Chi-square test was also employed to assess the association between the PUFA index and dental caries. Statistical significance was inferred at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The prevalence of caries was 70% and the prevalence of PUFA was 21%; The PUFA prevalence of the 5-year-old children was 8.75%, the 4-year-old and 6-year-old children had a 5.25%, and the 3-year-old group, 1.75%. No statistically significant difference was found between the prevalence of PUFA and the age group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.6). The general PUFA index was 0.03 \u00b1 0.07. No statistically significant association was found between the prevalence of caries (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.552) and the PUFA index (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.699). No significant association was found between the PUFA index and the gender of the children (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.203).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The prevalence of dental caries and clinical consequences of untreated dental caries using PUFA in this study was high, however no association was found between them. Within the PUFA index, the pulpitis component had a greater presence, negatively affecting oral health, which will affect the different areas of the child\u2019s life.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_196_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T08:02:32Z","timestamp":1758873752000},"page":"144-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Consequences of Untreated Dental Caries in Young Children - An Evaluative Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"L. Huaman\u00ed-Anchahua","family":"Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad Cientifica del sur, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Campos-Campos","family":"Katherine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad Cientifica del sur, Lima, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R3-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-015-1059-7","article-title":"Impact of untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences on the oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren aged 8-10 years","volume":"25","author":"Mota-Veloso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"R4-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-015-0121-8","article-title":"Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in German 5- and 8-year-olds","volume":"15","author":"Grund","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Oral 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Health"},{"key":"R11-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-013-0052-5","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical consequences of untreated dental caries using PUFA index in suburban Nigerian school children","volume":"14","author":"Oziegbe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"R12-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.2478\/v10039-012-0075-x","article-title":"Index of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries (pufa) in primary dentition of children from north-east Poland","volume":"58","author":"Bagi\u0144ska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"R13-20251006","first-page":"e5016","article-title":"Evaluation of the prevalence of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries using PUFA\/pufa index in a group of Iranian children","volume":"27","author":"Ramazani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"R14-20251006","first-page":"17","article-title":"Dental caries and its clinical consequences related to the impact on the quality of life of preschoolers of a state school","volume":"29","author":"Morales","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Estomatol Herediana"},{"key":"R15-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.135906","article-title":"Assessing consequences of untreated carious lesions using pufa index among 5-6 years old school children in an urban Indian population","volume":"25","author":"Mehta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"R17-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/2229411220160205","article-title":"Oral health status and treatment needs among 6, 9 and 12 years old rural and Urban school children in India:An epidemiological survey","volume":"7","author":"Narang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Adv Oral Res"},{"key":"R18-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-381X2021000100256","article-title":"Clinical consequences of untreated carious lesions and their impact on the quality of life of Peruvian preschoolers","volume":"15","author":"Munayco-Pantoja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Odontostomat"},{"key":"R19-20251006","first-page":"318","article-title":"Caries status among children in the West Rand District of Gauteng Province, South Africa","volume":"67","author":"Thekiso","year":"2012","journal-title":"SADJ"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_196_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:43:05Z","timestamp":1787067785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_196_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_196_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-9290","1998-3603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-9290","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3603","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-13","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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