{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:32:37Z","timestamp":1787758357090,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been proven to be a diagnostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the prognostic value of serum LDH in OSCC is yet to be explored. The purpose of this study is to correlate the level of serum LDH with the degree of OSCC and to evaluate the role of serum LDH as a prognostic marker in OSCC.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n The investigators designed and implemented a prospective cohort study composed of patients with OSCC (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 66) sub-grouped as follows: 2A\u2014well-differentiated (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 22), 2B\u2014moderately differentiated (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 22), 2C\u2014poorly differentiated OSCC (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 22), and normal healthy controls (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 40). The primary outcome variable was the serum LDH measured at baseline (pre-treatment) and 2 and 12 months post-treatment in OSCC patients. The statistical analysis was performed using the student\n t-<\/jats:italic>\n test and analysis of variance, and the\n P<\/jats:italic>\n value was set at 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The habit of alcohol consumption alone as a single habit was found only in males (17.5%) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.3343), whereas betel quid chewing was more common among females (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0182). A significant difference was observed in the mean serum LDH between OSCC subjects (pre-treatment) (831.56 \u00b1 93.43 IU\/L) and controls (188.82 \u00b1 25.53 IU\/L),\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.00001. The baseline serum LDH was significantly higher in subgroup 2C (933.41 \u00b1 46.1969 IU\/L) than in the 2A (742.59 \u00b1 46.5676 IU\/L) and 2B (818.68 \u00b1 58.1643 IU\/L) subgroups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0). There was a significant decline in the serum LDH within 2 months after treatment, and a further decrement was observed during a 12-month follow-up among the survivors of all three subgroups;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.00001.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Serum LDH can play a dual role as a reliable indicator of the degree of OSCC for decision-making in treatment modalities and as a prognostic marker of response to therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_311_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T07:01:35Z","timestamp":1665644495000},"page":"164-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in the Prognostic Assessment of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jimson","family":"Sudha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaladas","family":"Julius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson","family":"Jimson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kesavaram","family":"Padmavathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R2-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12451","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenase as a biomarker in oral cancer and oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"45","author":"Kallalli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R3-11-20240828","first-page":"779","article-title":"Alcohol drinking in never users of tobacco, cigarette smoking in never drinkers, and the risk of head and neck cancer: Pooled analysis in the international head and neck cancer epidemiology consortium","volume":"99","author":"Hashibe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R4-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2004.00291.x","article-title":"Clinico-pathological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in patients <40 years of age","volume":"34","author":"Sasaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R7-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/19.1.10","article-title":"Enzymes in cancer","volume":"19","author":"Schwartz","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R8-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-1363.167071","article-title":"Evaluation of serum lactate dehydrogenase in oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"27","author":"Rathore","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"key":"R9-11-20240828","first-page":"576","article-title":"Biochemical markers in oral submucous fibrosis: A review and update","volume":"10","author":"Kamath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent Res J (Isfahan"},{"key":"R10-11-20240828","first-page":"7","article-title":"Comparison between salivary and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in patients with oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma-A pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Joshi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"R11-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00796.x","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity","volume":"19","author":"G\u00f6r\u00f6gh","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R12-11-20240828","first-page":"11","article-title":"Evaluation of serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in oral premalignant and malignant lesions","volume":"47","author":"Muralidhar","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Dent"},{"key":"R13-11-20240828","first-page":"566","article-title":"Serum LDH and its isoenzymes in buccal mucosa cancer","volume":"65","author":"Hariharan","year":"1977","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R14-11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00599.x","article-title":"Malignancy grading in oral squamous cell carcinoma. 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