{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:28:12Z","timestamp":1790220492365,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periodontitis is considered as the 6th complication of diabetes. Laser therapy has been used in periodontics aiming at reducing bacteria to stimulate regeneration of tissue, and for its anti- inflammatory effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the clinical parameters, HbA1c level in blood &amp; Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1) level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic generalized periodontitis at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after scaling and root planing (SRP) alone and after SRP along with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). A total of 30 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and having chronic generalized periodontitis were divided into 2 groups of 15 each. Control group was subjected to SRP only whereas the experimental group received six sessions LLLT along with SRP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical parameters namely Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index, Bleeding on Probing, Probing Pocket Depth and Clinical Attachment Level along with HbA1c levels and TNF-\u03b1 in GCF were evaluated at baseline, 3rd month and 6th month respectively. TNF-\u03b1 was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All periodontal parameters, HbA1c and TNF-\u03b1 levels reduced superiorly in the experimental group as compared to control group at 3rd month interval.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adjunctive use of laser therapy has effects for 3 months on the clinical parameters and TNF-\u03b1 values but 6 months effects on HbA1c levels and PI in type 2 DM patients. It is obvious that these effects are dose and wavelength sensitive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.ijdr_581_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T08:03:10Z","timestamp":1748505790000},"page":"64-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planning on TNF-Alpha Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Glycosylated Haemoglobin Levels in Type-2 Diabetic Patients with Periodontitis: A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Princy A.","family":"Mathew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Medicity Medical Center, Khuzam, Ras-Al-Khaima, United Arab 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