{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:49:15Z","timestamp":1787071755819,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are rapidly increasing in India. Although newer glucagon-like peptide\/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GLP-1\/GIP) receptor agonists have demonstrated considerable efficacy in weight loss, real-world evidence from the Indian population is lacking. This study evaluated the response to semaglutide and tirzepatide in overweight\/obese individuals in routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary centre in New Delhi, India. Data from 150 overweight\/obese participants (74 with T2D, 76 without T2D) treated with semaglutide\/tirzepatide over 6 months were analysed. Outcomes included percentage weight loss, achievement of predefined weight-loss thresholds, time-to-event (\u226510% weight loss), and determinants of time-to-event. Non-parametric tests and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median weight loss was 8.2% (4.93\u201313.66). Participants without T2D achieved significantly greater weight loss than those with T2D (11.21% vs 5.48%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Tirzepatide was associated with greater weight loss compared with semaglutide (8.60% vs 5.62%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.023). Sixty-two participants (41.3%) achieved a weight loss of \u226510%, with a median time-to-event of 9.5 months. Multivariable analysis identified younger age, tirzepatide use, and GLP1 treatment naivety as determinants of faster achievement of \u226510% weight loss. Diabetes status was not associated with faster achievement of \u226510% weight loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this real-world Indian cohort, GLP-1\/GIP receptor agonists were effective means for weight loss in obese adults, with or without T2D. The magnitude and speed of weight loss outcomes may help in personalising therapy and setting expectations when initiating newer GLP-1\/GIP receptor agonists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_1085_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T14:01:47Z","timestamp":1775484107000},"page":"129-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Magnitude and Determinants of Weight Loss Response to GLP-1\/GIP Receptor Agonists in India: A Real-World Time-to-Event Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Godana","family":"Jarso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shama","family":"Mahendru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutuja","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abebe","family":"Megerso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambrish","family":"Mithal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00355-1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990\u20132021, with forecasts to 2050: A forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"405","author":"Ng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.25259\/IJMR_328_2025","article-title":"High prevalence of metabolic obesity in India: The ICMR-INDIAB national study (ICMR-INDIAB-23)","volume":"161","author":"Deepa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R3-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505143","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1505143","article-title":"The rising burden of diabetes and state-wise variations in India: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990\u20132021 and projections to 2031","volume":"16","author":"Chauhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"R4-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050156","article-title":"Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity","volume":"353","author":"Wadden","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obpill.2025.100162","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight reduction: A model-based meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes Pillars"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R6-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16364","article-title":"Real\u2010world evidence on the utilization, clinical and comparative effectiveness, and adverse effects of newer GLP \u2010 1RA \u2010based weight\u2010loss therapies","volume":"27","author":"Thomsen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"R7-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2022.18.1.63","article-title":"Indian Phenotype characteristics among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from a non-interventional nationwide registry in India","volume":"18","author":"Kalra","year":"2022","journal-title":"touchREV Endocrinol"},{"key":"R8-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obmed.2022.100454","article-title":"Unique attributes of obesity in India: A narrative review","volume":"35","author":"Nadiger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes Med"},{"key":"R9-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R10-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107519","article-title":"Tirzepatide versus semaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"385","author":"Fr\u00edas","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R11-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6200","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70004","article-title":"Real-world titration, persistence and weight loss of semaglutide and tirzepatide in an academic obesity clinic","volume":"27","author":"Samuels","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"R12-20260430","first-page":"516","article-title":"Effectiveness of tirzepatide and semaglutide within a hybrid care model with exploratory dose\u2013response analyses: A real-world evidence study","volume":"1.1","author":"Zakaria","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Obes Med"},{"key":"R13-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53944","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053944","article-title":"Association study of 25 type 2 diabetes related loci with measures of obesity in Indian Sib Pairs","volume":"8","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R14-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_266_24","article-title":"Effectiveness of oral semaglutide in management of type 2 diabetes: A real-world study from India","volume":"28","author":"Dutta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R15-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.183825","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of liraglutide in Indian patients with Type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting","volume":"20","author":"Kaur","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R16-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-025-01920-4","article-title":"Effects of tirzepatide on weight management in patients with and without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Cerchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"R17-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-024-01646-y","article-title":"Differential efficacy of weight loss interventions in patients with versus without diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Losada-D\u00edaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"R18-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-022-02153-x","article-title":"Efficacy of GLP-1 RA approved for weight management in patients with or without diabetes: A narrative review","volume":"39","author":"Jensterle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"R19-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02996-7","article-title":"Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial","volume":"30","author":"Ryan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R20-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e089477","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-089477","article-title":"Factors associated with weight loss response to GLP-1 analogues for obesity treatment: A retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"15","author":"Squire","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R21-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206038","article-title":"Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity","volume":"387","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R22-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7385","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70143","article-title":"Tirzepatide and the 10\u2010year predicted risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adults with obesity and prediabetes: A post hoc analysis from the three\u2010year SURMOUNT\u20101 trial","volume":"27","author":"Hankosky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"R24-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.2525","article-title":"Semaglutide vs tirzepatide for weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"184","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"R25-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-023-01398-1","article-title":"Time to reach glycaemic and body weight loss thresholds with tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes: A pre-planned exploratory analysis of SURPASS-2 and SURPASS-3","volume":"14","author":"Viljoen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"R26-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-1135","article-title":"Predictors of\u226515% weight reduction and associated changes in cardiometabolic risk factors with tirzepatide in adults with type 2 diabetes in SURPASS 1\u20134","volume":"46","author":"Ma\u0142ecki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R27-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-025-01794-9","article-title":"Real-world effectiveness of tirzepatide versus semaglutide on HbA1c and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"16","author":"Hoog","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"R28-20260430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2025.01.021","article-title":"Mechanisms of GLP-1 receptor agonist-induced weight loss: A review of central and peripheral pathways in appetite and energy regulation","volume":"138","author":"Moiz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Med"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_1085_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:53:36Z","timestamp":1787068416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_1085_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_1085_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2230-8210","2230-9500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2230-8210","type":"print"},{"value":"2230-9500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-31","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-11","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}