{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:36:58Z","timestamp":1787773018518,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Height is a polygenic trait with a high degree of heritability. Most (95%) children with short stature (defined as height below the third percentile) and poor growth (growth velocity &lt;5 cm\/year) do not have an endocrine disorder. The genetic basis for stature potential has been evaluated in recent years and is increasingly being recognized as a major basis for variation in height between different ethnic populations. Numerous genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci linked to human growth. Apart from the genetic factors, various environmental, nutritional, hormonal, and socioeconomic factors also influence the height, and stature of individuals varies between different geographical locations and ethnic groups. Ethnically different populations might respond differently to the same environmental factors and thus the final height in different ethnic groups is different. This review covers in detail the short stature of African Pygmies and Andamanese Islanders along with the possible causative factors responsible for the variation in height in these ethnic groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_197_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T15:20:18Z","timestamp":1724858418000},"page":"381-388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Short Stature: Understanding the Stature of Ethnicity in Height Determination"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Madhukar","family":"Mittal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parul","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital and BRIDE, Karnal, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganapathi","family":"Bantwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahendra K","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-011-0969-x","article-title":"Recent progress in the study of the genetics of height","volume":"129","author":"Lettre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39702","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.39702","article-title":"Polygenic adaptation on height is overestimated due to uncorrected stratification in genome-wide association studies","volume":"8","author":"Sohail","year":"2019","journal-title":"ELife"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4210","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0509","article-title":"Consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic short stature: A summary of the growth hormone research society, the lawson wilkins pediatric endocrine society, and the European society for paediatric endocrinology workshop","volume":"93","author":"Cohen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(94)70117-2","article-title":"Utah growth study: Growth standards and the prevalence of growth hormone deficiency","volume":"125","author":"Lindsay","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"-20240828","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Influence of ethnicity, geography and climate on the variation of stature among Indian populations","volume":"34","author":"Bharati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2017.00025","article-title":"Bergmann's and Allen's rules in native European and mediterranean phasmatodea","author":"Shelomi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Ecol Evol"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071714","article-title":"Geographical and ethnic variations in human growth","volume":"37","author":"Marshall","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003735","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003735","article-title":"Worldwide variation in human growth and the World Health Organization growth standards: A systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Natale","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2006.tb02376.x","article-title":"WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group, de Onis M. 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