{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:35:31Z","timestamp":1788388531009,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The etiology of hypercalcemia varies according to the clinical setting. Hitherto, data on the prevalence and profile of hypercalcemia in hospitalized Asian\u2013Indian patients are limited. Hence, we conducted a prospective observational study to determine the prevalence and etiological profile of hypercalcemia in hospitalized Asian\u2013Indian patients and its association with 6-month mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a prospective observational study wherein all the patients (aged &gt;12 years) admitted to the general medicine wards of a tertiary care hospital in North India between January 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017, were screened. Finally, patients with sustained hypercalcemia (defined as corrected serum total calcium \u226510.4 mg\/dl documented twice at least 24 h apart) were included in this study. These patients were followed up throughout the hospital course and thereafter till 6 months from the date of discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 9902 patients, 150 patients had sustained hypercalcemia (prevalence 1.5%). The most common cause of hypercalcemia was malignancy (41.3%), followed by primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT, 32.7%). Vitamin D intoxication was responsible for hypercalcemia in 8.7% of patients; 2.7% of patients had hypercalcemia of advanced chronic liver disease. Nevertheless, a definite etiology could not be identified in 7.3% of the patients with hypercalcemia. At the end of 6 months of follow-up, the cumulative mortality rate was 28%. Underlying malignancy and higher calcium levels were the significant determinants of mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of hypercalcemia in Asian\u2013Indian patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital was 1.5%. The most common etiology was malignancy, followed by PHPT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_223_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T15:21:44Z","timestamp":1724858504000},"page":"453-458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence and Etiological Profile of Hypercalcemia in Hospitalized Adult Patients and Association with Mortality"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shabna","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soham","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadhana","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimesh","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay Kumar","family":"Bhadada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650061413","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia","volume":"6","author":"Lafferty","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"R2-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.11138\/ccmbm\/2017.14.1.131","article-title":"The changing profile of hypercalcemia in a tertiary care setting in North India:An 18-month retrospective study","volume":"14","author":"Kuchay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab"},{"key":"R3-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309029","article-title":"Frequency and aetiology of hypercalcaemia","volume":"101","author":"McNeilly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"R4-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-017-0833-8","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism:Insights from the Indian PHPT registry","volume":"36","author":"Bhadada","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"R5-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01441-z","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy:Observations from the Indian PHPT registry","volume":"44","author":"Pal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"R6-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12836","article-title":"Vitamin D toxicity resulting from overzealous correction of vitamin D deficiency","volume":"83","author":"Kaur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf"},{"key":"R7-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.63.743.745","article-title":"The incidence and causes of hypercalcaemia","volume":"63","author":"Dent","year":"1987","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R8-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0132788","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132788","article-title":"Calcium disorders in the emergency department:Independent risk factors for mortality","volume":"10","author":"Sauter","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R9-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200603000-00002","article-title":"Hypercalcemia in the emergency department","volume":"331","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"R10-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026597816193","article-title":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy","volume":"1","author":"Grill","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"R12-9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp042806","article-title":"Clinical practice. 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